Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 5436055058 | Amino Acid | Building blocks of protein |  | 0 |
| 5436055059 | Amphipathic | Molecules are said to be this when it has regions that are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. |  | 1 |
| 5436057373 | Carbohydrate | "Compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the approximate ratio of C:2H:O (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose)" |  | 2 |
| 5436057374 | Carbon | A gas that is expelled from the body by the respiratory system. (C) |  | 3 |
| 5436059366 | Denaturation | In proteins, a process in which a protein unravels and loses its native conformation, thereby becoming biologically inactive. In DNA, the separation of the two strands of the double helix. |  | 4 |
| 5436060971 | Disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. |  | 5 |
| 5436060972 | Ester Bond | The bond formed when fatty acid molecules are joined to glycerol molecules in condensation reactions. |  | 6 |
| 5436063839 | Fibrous Protein | A protein with a relatively long, thin structure, which is insoluble in water and metabolically inactive, often having a structural role within the organism. |  | 7 |
| 5436063840 | Globular Protein | Proteins that are water soluble |  | 8 |
| 5436067806 | Glycosidic Protein | A type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. |  | 9 |
| 5436067807 | Hydrogen Bond | A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. |  | 10 |
| 5436067808 | Ion | A charged atom |  | 11 |
| 5436070183 | Lipid | A group of organic compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen including a proportionately smaller amount of oxygen; are insoluble in water, serve as a source of stored energy, and are a component of cell membranes. | | 12 |
| 5436077393 | Macromolecule | A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules |  | 13 |
| 5436077394 | Monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers |  | 14 |
| 5436080106 | Monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. | | 15 |
| 5436080107 | Nitrogen | Most abundant gas in the atmosphere (N) |  | 16 |
| 5436082736 | Non-polar Molecule | A molecule lacking a positive or negative charge |  | 17 |
| 5436089462 | Nucleic Acid | A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) composed of the elements C, H, N, O, and P that carries genetic information. |  | 18 |
| 5436089463 | Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |  | 19 |
| 5436089464 | Organic Molecule | A molecule containing carbon that is a part of or produced by living systems. |  | 20 |
| 5436092556 | Peptide Bond | The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid |  | 21 |
| 5436092557 | Phospholipid | A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a non-polar, hydrophobic tail. | | 22 |
| 5436094550 | Polar Molecule | A molecule that has electrically charged areas. |  | 23 |
| 5436094551 | Polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. |  | 24 |
| 5436096312 | Protein | A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids. |  | 25 |
| 5436096313 | Water | A liquid made of hydrogen and oxygen. |  | 26 |