Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 5472004986 | biochemistry | study of chemical substances in or having effect on living organisms | 0 | |
| 5471874835 | Atom | Contains protons, neutrons, and electrons orbiting it, mostly composed of empty space |  | 1 |
| 5471883793 | Protons | Positively charged substance, 1 AMU, indicates atomic number on the periodic table |  | 2 |
| 5471908727 | Neutrons | Neutrally charged substance, 1 AMU, indicates atomic mass on the periodic table |  | 3 |
| 5471913363 | Electrons | Negatively charged substance, 0 AMU, atomic mass-atomic number equals the number of these on the pt |  | 4 |
| 5471929977 | orbitals | things that the electrons orbits on as it orbits the nucleus | 5 | |
| 5471945001 | ion | charged atom | 6 | |
| 5471952568 | valence electrons | number of electrons in the outermost orbital (participate in chemical reactions) | 7 | |
| 5471959060 | oxidation number | number of lent electrons so that the atom equals 8, metals lend and non metals steal |  | 8 |
| 5471975163 | isotope | atom that has an extra number of neutrons then it normally has, keeps same properties but may become radioactive | 9 | |
| 5471992328 | isomer | organic compound that have the same molecular formula, but different structures | 10 | |
| 5472018622 | most abundant elements | Oxygen (O2), Carbon (CO2), Hydrogen (H2) Nitrogen (N2) | 11 | |
| 5472025475 | diatomic molecules | consist of 2 atoms covalently bonded (ex. O2, H2, CO2) | 12 | |
| 5472036473 | inorganic compounds | may be made by living things (may or may not have H or C) | 13 | |
| 5472050738 | organic compounds | made by living things, made of H and C (ex. carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) | 14 | |
| 5472060321 | chemical bond | an attractive force that holds atoms together (represents stored energy, energy is released to the mito. and involves electrons in the outermost orbit) | 15 | |
| 5472073234 | ionic bond | formed by the gain or loss of electrons (valence) SINGLE BONDS ARE STRONGER THAN MULTIPLES! |  | 16 |
| 5472076710 | covalent bond | formed when atoms share electrons |  | 17 |
| 5472087718 | molecular formula | a formula (ex. CH4) | 18 | |
| 5472099335 | electron dot formula | a formula where dots represent how many electrons are distributed to each atom (in example, C has 24 and H has 6) |  | 19 |
| 5472121373 | structural formula | a formula where dashes represent 1 pair of shared electrons | 20 | |
| 5472129185 | dissociation | adding water to ionic compounds causing the ions to separate or move freely (water is polar molecule) | 21 | |
| 5472155482 | hydrogen ion | H+ | 22 | |
| 5472156904 | hydroxide ion | OH- | 23 | |
| 5472158771 | pure water | [H+] = [OH-] represents... | 24 | |
| 5472164170 | acid solution | [H+] is greater than [OH-] | 25 | |
| 5472170597 | base solution | [H+] is less than [OH-] | 26 | |
| 5472173938 | pH scale | A measure of acidity or alkalinity of water soluble substances (1-6 equals acidic [H+] , 7 equals neutral, and 8-16 equals base[OH-]) | 27 | |
| 5472195995 | pink/red | phenolphthalien color when base is added | 28 | |
| 5472202143 | clear | phenolphthalien color when acid is added | 29 | |
| 5472204981 | blue | bromthymol blue color when base is added | 30 | |
| 5472207801 | yellow | bromthymol blue color when acid is added | 31 | |
| 5472210534 | blue | both litmus paper colors when base is added | 32 | |
| 5472213768 | pink/red | both litmus paper colors when acid is added | 33 | |
| 5472217907 | brown | pHydrion paper color when base is added (quantitative) | 34 | |
| 5472221481 | red | pHydrion paper color when acid is added (strong acid) (quantitative) | 35 | |
| 5472315625 | neutralization | mix an acid with a base to return to neutral | 36 |