biochemistry Flashcards

7992099647	Atom	The smallest unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.	0
7992099648	Molecule	The smallest particle in a chemical element or compound. These particles are made up of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds.	1
7992099649	Covalent bond	A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.	2
7992099650	Ionic bond	A type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.	3
7992099651	Hydrogen bond	The attractive force between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule.	4
7992099652	Macromolecule	A very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are sometimes composed of thousands or more atoms.	5
7992099653	Organelle	Structures with specialized functions suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.	6
7992099654	Tissue	Distinct types of material which make up organisms and consist of specialized cells and their products.	7
7992099655	Organ system	A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.	8
7992099656	Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism	Name the levels in the hierarchy of life from atoms to organisms.	9
7992099657	Carbohydrate	A biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. Examples are sugar, cellulose, chitin and starch.	10
7992099658	Nucleic acid	A large biological molecule made up of nucleotides. Examples are DNA and RNA.	11
7992099659	Protein	A large biological molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids. Examples include all enzymes, collagen, keratin, insulin, immunoglobulins, muscle fibers.	12
7992099660	Lipid	A large biological molecule made up of fatty acids that are not soluble water. Examples include fats, waxes, and cholesterol.	13