AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

6614805192	Antecedent	The word to which a pronoun refers	0
6614807110	Horative Sentence	a sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action	1
6614811969	Chiasmus	a type of parallelism where the second part is the same as the first but reversed	2
6614816152	Allegory	A narrative in which the elements of the narrative represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of a story	3
6614824722	Straw-man Fallacy	A misrepresentation of an argument to make it less appealing	4
6614826775	Asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words	5
6614828814	motif	recurrent image, words, objects, phrases, or actions that tend to unify a work	6
6614831879	Restrictive phrase	an adjective clause that is essential to the meaning of a sentence because it limits the thing to which it refers	7
6614837170	periodic sentence	A sentence that puts the main clause or predicate at the end	8
6614839356	Satire	Use of irony or sarcasm to critique society or an individual	9
6614841501	polemic	An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others	10
6614845605	propaganda	the spread of ideas and information through rumor, lies, disinformation, and scare tactics to damage or further a cause	11
6614857971	hyperbole	exaggeration	12
6614860096	coinage	the making of a new word or phrase	13
6614861397	jargon	specialized language of a trade or profession	14
6614862801	euphemism	The substitution of an inoffensive word or expression for a word or phrase that is considered socially unacceptable or harsh	15
6614867160	modifier	adjective, adverb, phrase or clause that modifies a noun , pronoun, or verb	16
6614869404	anaphora	repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines	17
6614882654	apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.	18
6614893921	juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	19
6614895238	circular reasoning	a fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence	20
6614896333	slippery slope	A fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented	21
6614896334	gerund	A verb form ending in -ing that is used as a noun.	22
6614897147	zeugma	use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings	23
6614905434	imperative sentence	sentence used to command or enjoin	24
6614906864	litotes	A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite.	25
6614921961	syntax	Sentence structure	26
6614923265	synedoche	figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole	27
6614924536	aphorism	A brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.	28
6614926068	polysendeton	the deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis to highlight quantity or mass of detail of to create a flowing continuous sentence pattern	29
6614926982	synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.	30
6614968160	colloquialism	informal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing	31
6614968161	metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	32
6614969691	trope	The generic name for a figure of speech such as image, symbol, simile, and metaphor.	33
6614978085	anthropomorphism	the attribution of human characteristics or behavior to a god, animal, or object.	34
6614981839	parallelism	Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	35
6615433190	antithesis	Balancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure	36
6615437093	Ad Hominem	In an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."	37
6615439333	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	38
6615440461	Connotation	All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests	39
6615443900	Refutation	a denial of the validity of an opposing argument	40
6615446285	Lending Credence	In arguing her point, a writer or speaker should always give the opponent some credit for his / her ideas.	41
6615451559	Red Herring	A fallacy that introduces an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion	42
6615454938	Paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	43