AP Psychology Unit 7B: Cognition and language Flashcards

5651535280	Concept	a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people	0
5651539835	Prototype	a mental image or best example of a category	1
5651546069	Algorithm	A step-by-step procedure that leads to a definite solution.	2
5651548310	Representative Heuristic	judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes	3
5651553337	Availability Heuristic	Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common	4
5651555947	Insight	a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem	5
5651567346	Creativity	the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas	6
5651570356	Confirmation Bias	a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence	7
5651572552	Fixation	The inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an obstacle to problem solving.	8
5651580032	Mental Set	a tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past	9
5651583446	Functional Fixedness	The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.	10
5651592627	Overconfidence	the tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements	11
5651595125	Belief Perseverance	One maintains his/or belief even after being proven wrong	12
5651597801	Framing	the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.	13
5651602624	Phonemes	smallest unit of sound	14
5651605798	Morphemes	The smallest units of meaning in a language.	15
5651613081	Babbling	stage of language development at about 4 months when an infant spontaneously utters nonsense sounds	16
5651617326	Telegraphic Speech	early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs.	17