AP World History Unit 2 Flashcards

6778494373	Artifacts	Objects made by humans and studied by Archaeologists to draw conclusions about the past	0
6778500255	Culture	The unique way of life of a group of people	1
6778501577	Hominid	Humans and other creatures that walk upright, such as australopithecines	2
6778502152	Paleolithic Age	Term used for the earliest period of human history, from approximately 2,500,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C.	3
6778504621	Technology	Ways of applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet human needs	4
6778506036	Neanderthals	Species of Homo sapiens which existed between 100,000 B.C. and 30,000 B.C.	5
6778508129	Homo sapiens sapiens	"Wise, wise humans". First appeared in Africa approximately 200,000 B.C	6
6778510887	"Out-of-Africa" Theory	Belief of Anthropologists that all human life originated in Africa and spread to other parts of the world beginning approximately 100,000 years ago.	7
6778512205	Neolithic Age	Period of human history from 8,000 B.C. to 3,000 B.C., also known as the New Stone Age	8
6778514332	Nomad / Hunter Gatherer	A person who constantly moves from one site to another following wild animals and gathering wild fruits and vegetables for food	9
6778518718	Neolithic Revolution	About 8,000 B.C. humans may have scattered seeds near regular campsites and returned the next season to discover new crops growing	10
6778519306	Slash-and-Burn Farming	Method practiced by some Neolithic farmers in which they cut trees or grasses and burned them to clear a field. The ashes that remained fertilized the soil, and the farmers planted crops for a year or two, then moved to another area and started the process anew	11
6778523273	Domestication	The process of adapting animals for human use	12
6778524050	Civilizations	A complex culture in which large numbers of human beings share a number of common elements	13
6778525898	Artisians	Skilled workers that began to specialize in their craft because of the steady food supply that came with systematic agriculture and domestication in the Neolithic Age	14
6778536023	Institutions	A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community, such as government, religion, and the economy	15
6778539170	Scribes	Professional record keepers.	16
6778540279	Cuneiform	Name for the system of writing invented and used by the Sumerians	17
6778542730	Barter	Trading goods and services without money	18
6778563463	Ziggurat	Pyramid-shaped monument built in many Sumerian cities	19
6778569745	Fertile Crescent	Fertile land between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf in Southwest Asia	20
6778571698	Mesopotamia	The first known human civilizations were established in this fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates River in the region of present-day Iraq on the southeastern tip of the Fertile Crescent	21
6778573433	City-States	A governmental system in which large cities gain political and economic control over the surrounding countryside	22
6778577632	Dynasty	A family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family	23
6778657604	Cultural Diffusion	The process in which a new idea or a product spreads from one culture to another	24
6778658520	Polytheism	A religion that practices belief in many Gods	25
6778661838	Babylon	A city-state in southeastern Mesopotamia that came to control the Fertile Crescent area in 1792 B.C. under the leadership of Hammurabi	26
6778662459	Empire	A large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, that controls many peoples or territories	27
6778673556	Hammurabi	The King of Babylon during the 17th century BC, lead Babylon to become the most powerful state in Mesopotamia	28
6778683531	Nile River Valley	Fertile area in Northeastern Africa where the Egyptian civilization emerged as early as 5000 B.C.E.	29
6778684510	Delta	A broad, marshy triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river	30
6778685302	Narmer	Believed to be the first Pharaoh in Egyptian History. United Upper and Lower Egypt.	31
6778690866	Pharaoh	Title given to ruling Egyptian Kings and Queens	32
6778691941	Pyramid	Immense Egyptian structures built to serve as a final resting place for the Pharaohs and their families	33
6778693428	Mummification	A process of slowly drying a dead body to prevent it from rotting	34