AP World History Unit 4 Flashcards

6721360194	humanism	the focus on human endeavors	0
6721362986	Johannes Gutenberg	who invented the printing press?	1
6721363853	Erasmus	most well known learned men of the time, counseled kings and popes, wrote "In Praise of Folly"	2
6721368303	Sir Thomas Moore	wrote Utopia, described ideal society	3
6721369825	Protestant Reformation	confrontation with the Catholic Church	4
6721372132	indulgences	sold by the Catholic; piece of paper that could be purchased to reduce time in purgatory	5
6721388013	John Calvin	who formed the protestant group called the Calvinists?	6
6721388014	King Henry VIII	renounced Rome and became head of religion in England, called the Anglican Church	7
6721388015	Catholic Reformation/ Counter Reformation	Catholic Church reformed because of Protestants	8
6721392083	Ignatius Loyola	who founded the Jesuits, was a Spanish soldier	9
6721393653	Council of Trent	meeting of church officials held to direct counter reformation from 1545-1563	10
6721397082	atheists	this group believes that there is no God	11
6721398537	the Enlightenment	time of examining role of humans in relation to government	12
6721403436	Montesquieu	believed government should have checks and balances	13
6721404653	Voltaire	believed religion crushes the human spirit	14
6721406298	Rousseau	believed people had to sacrifice some rights for freedom	15
6721408105	Thomas Hobbes	believed the purpose of government was to preserve peace and stability	16
6721410723	John Locke	believed people are born equal with natural rights	17
6721413198	Neoclassical Period	time when people imitated style of Greek and Roman architecture	18
6721417033	Vasco da Gama	explorer that rounded the tip of Africa and went to India	19
6721420787	Treaty of Tordesillas	divided the America's into east and west to settle land disputes between Spain and Portugal	20
6721581300	haciendas system	system where natives owed labor to their landlords	21
6721584319	Hernan Cortes	explorer that conquered the Aztec empire	22
6721588402	Franciso Pizarro	explorer that conquered the Inca empire	23
6721594062	encomienda system	system of forced labor	24
6721600214	mercantilism	a country actively sought to trade but tried to import more than it exported	25
6721604156	Act of Supremacy	King Henry VIII nullified pope's authority and established the church of England under this act	26
6721608910	Elizabethan Age	time of English expansion, exploration, and colonization	27
6721611517	Stuart restoration	Parliament had Charles II take the throne after Charles I was beheaded	28
6721613404	Glorious Revolution	James II driven from power because they believed he would make England Catholic again	29
6721617130	Huguenots	a group of French Protestants	30
6721618307	Edict of Nantes	signed by Henry IV to end the violence in France between the Catholics and the Huguenots	31
6721621241	Thirty Years War	Protestants challenged Holy Roman Emperor, was a huge religious and political war	32
6721625015	Peter the Great	westernized Russia, built St. Petersburg	33
6721626132	Catherine the Great	adopted more education and western culture in Russia	34
6721628248	Osman Bey	founded the Ottoman Empire that rose in Anatolia	35
6721629786	Mughal Empire	established by Babur, dominated the Indian subcontinent	36
6721633697	Akbar	Mughal leader that unified India by religious tolerance	37
6721634942	Kongo	on the west coast of Africa, traded with Portugal, King Alfonso I converted the people to Catholicism	38
6721637408	Angola	established as a trading post by the Portuguese, ruled by Queen Nzinga--> warrior queen	39
6721641591	Zheng He	led the Chinese naval voyages under the Ming	40