AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards

5337930824	Sui Dynasty	a dynasty (581 to 618) that rebuilt the Great Wall and began canal building, restored centralized rule after war	0
5337933765	Flying Money	paper currency during the Tang dynasty that could be considered as a banknote	1
5337936340	Li Yuan	Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu	2
5337936341	Empress Wu	Tang ruler 690-705 C.E. in China; supported Buddhism establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state of religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created	3
5337939534	Xi Xia		4
5337939535	Jin		5
5337942476	Xuanzong		6
5337942477	Zhao Kuangyin	(r. 960-976) Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent	7
5337946996	Yang Guifei	Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into royal administration led to revolt	8
5337948877	Liao Dynasty	Founded in 907 by Nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; mantained independence from Song dynasty in China	9
5337952609	Chan Buddhism	Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society	10
5337952610	Jurchens	Founders of Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south	11
5337955458	Wendi	541-604) Member of prominent northern Chinese family during period of Six Dynasties; proclaimed himself emperor; supported by nomadic peoples of northern China; established Sui dynasty	12
5337957877	Pure Land Buddhism	Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among the masses of Chinese society	13
5337957878	Zhi Xi	an influential neo-confucian	14
5337963643	Southern Song	Rump state of the Song Dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of the much larger domains of the Tang and northern Song; culturally, one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history	15
5337966426	Jinshi	Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office	16
5337970158	Wyzong	Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology	17
5337973095	Khitans	Nomadic peoples of Manchuria; militarily superior to Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century	18
5337973096	Wang Anshi	Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society	19
5337976183	Hangzhou	Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million.	20
5337979600	Tangut	Rulers of the Xi Xia kingdom of northwest china; one of the regional kingdoms during the period of Southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226	21
5337981445	Changan	Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time	22
5337984591	Ministry of Rites	Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars	23
5337984592	Li Bo	a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty	24
5337987172	footbinding	Practice in chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household	25
5337987173	Grand Canal	Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long	26
5337990053	neo- Confucians	Revived ancient Confucian teachings in Song era of China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences	27
5337993230	junks	Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, stern post rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula	28
5337993231	Zhu Xi	(1130-1200) Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action	29
5337998078	Tang Dynasty	dynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD; China expands from Vietnam to Manchuria	30
5338006947	Song Dynasty	(960 - 1279 AD); this dynasty was started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); first to have paper money, explosive gun powder; *landscape black and white paintings	31