AP World History, Chapter 20 Flashcards

6139905045	factories	European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce	0
6139912898	El Mina	Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa	1
6139918657	Nzinga Mvemba	King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom	2
6139955510	Luanda	Portuguese factory established in 1520s of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola	3
6139963523	Royal African Company	Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica and Virginia	4
6139971583	Indies piece	Term used within the complex exchange system established by Spanish for African trade; refereed to the value of an adult male slave	5
6139979386	triangular trade	commerce linking Africa, the new World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe	6
6139988159	Asante empire	established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi' dominated by Oyono clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650	7
6139988160	asantehene	title taken by ruler of Asante empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool	8
6139990937	Osier Tutu	member of Oyono clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms	9
6140015464	Dahomey	kingdom developed among Fon or Aja people in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.	10
6140028195	Luo	Nilotic people who migrated from upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro	11
6140039933	Fulani	Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Folio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdom; established state centered on Sokoto	12
6140053471	great trek	Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal	13
6140065365	mfecane	Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa	14
6140065366	Swazi	New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane	15
6140067133	Lesotho	Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government	16
6140089841	Middle Passage	Slave voyage from Africa to America (16th-18th century); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves; although it failed to strip Africans of their culture	17
6140102599	salt water slaves	slaves transported from Africa; almost invariable black	18
6140105271	Creole slaves	American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation (interbreeding of people from different races)	19
6140125730	obeah	African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands	20
6140125731	candomble	African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people	21
6140127465	vodun	African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti	22
6140138531	Palmares	Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8000 to 10000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan	23
6140147132	Suriname	Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrilla resistance	24
6140158562	William Wilberforce	British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807	25