AP World History: Chapter 7 Flashcards

6142799203	Egeria	A Christian pilgrim from Spain who visited Jerusalem, Egypt, and parts of modern Turkey between 381 and 384. The dates of her birth and death are unknown.	0
6142799204	Polybius	(ca. 200-ca. 118 B.C.E.) A Greek historian who was deported to Rome, where he wrote The Rise of the Roman Empire. Believed the task of the historian was to distinguish underlying causes of events.	1
6142802555	Roman republic	Roman government between 509 and 27 B.C.E. Ruled by two elected executives who consulted regularly with the senate.	2
6142802556	Roman senate	Roman governing body during the Roman republic, composed of some three hundred patricians. Later became an advisory body.	3
6142804800	Carthage	A city in modern-day Tunisia originally founded by the Phoenicians. Rome's main rival for control of the Mediterranean.	4
6142804801	Punic Wars	Three wars the Rome and Carthage fought between 264 and 146 B.C.E., all won by Rome.	5
6142807281	Hannibal	(ca. 247-ca. 182 B.C.E.) A brilliant military strategist who led Carthage's armies over the Alps into Italy during the Second Punic War but lost to Rome in 202 B.C.E.	6
6142810188	paterfamilias	The legal head of the extended family in Rome who made all decisions and was the only person who could own property.	7
6142810189	Cornelia	(ca. 190-100 B.C.E.) The mother of the Gracchus brothers, two reformers who sought to help Rome's poor; Cornelia exercised considerable political influence even though she, like all Roman women, did not hold public office.	8
6142812399	dictator	A position given by Roman senate before the first century B.C.E. to a temporary commander that granted him full authority for a limited amount of time, usually six months.	9
6142812400	Julius Caesar	(100-44 B.C.E.) Rome's most successful military commander in the first century B.C.E. who was named dictator by the senate in 49 B.C.E.	10
6142814742	Roman participate	The system of government in Rome from 27 B.C.E. to 284 C.E., in which the princeps, a term meaning "first citizen," ruled the empire as a monarch in all but name.	11
6142817303	Augustus	The name, meaning "revered," that Octavian (63 B.C.E.-14 C.E.) received from the senate when he became princeps, or first citizens, of Rome in 27 B.C.E.	12
6142817304	Pliny the Younger	(ca. 61-113) Roman lawyer and official famous for his letters describing life during the principate, especially the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.	13
6142819179	Jesus	(ca. 4 B.C.E.-30 C.E.) Jewish preacher believed by Christians to be the Messiah, the figure who would bring salvation and, through atonement, eternal life to those who believed in him.	14
6142819180	Paul	(ca. 5-ca. 64) An influential early Christian leader who traveled widely in modern-day Turkey, Cyprus, and Greece to teach about early Christianity.	15
6142822287	Constantine	(272-337, r. 312-337) Roman emperor who issued the Edict of Milan, the first imperial ruling to allow the practice of Christianity and who shifted the capital from Rome to the new city of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey).	16
6142822288	parchment	Writing material made by stretching, scraping, and cleaning animal skin.	17
6142822289	Aksum	A center of Christianity in Ethiopia, one of the first places in the world outside of the Roman empire to convert Christianity in the early 300s.	18
6142826865	Augustine	(354-430) Author of The Confessions and a prominent early Christian thinker who encouraged Christians to confess their sins.	19
6142826866	Vandals	Leaders of a Germanic-speaking force that attacked North Africa in 430 and sacked Rome for two weeks in 455.	20