AP World History Chapter 10 Flashcards

8283920277	Homer	definition: ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written down the Iliad and the Odyssey significance: Great Greek poet who is still read today	0
8283920278	Solon	definition: Athenian reformer of the 6th century; established laws that eased the burden of debt on farmers, forbade enslavement for debt significance: great leader of Athens, prevented rebellion	1
8283920279	Perciles	definition: led rebuilding of Athens for more than 30 years from 461BCE to 429BCE significance: Leader of the Peloponessian war	2
8283920280	Philip of Macedon	definition: father of Alexander of Macedon, unified the warring Greek city-states significance: unified Greece	3
8283920281	Alexander of Macedon	definition: also known as Alexander the Great, by 331 BCE, controlled Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia; invaded Persian homeland and burned Persepolis; crossed the Indus by 327 significance: Created Bactria which influenced India, helped diffuse Greek ideas	4
8283920282	Sappho	definition: Greek poet who wrote about human emotions, lived on island of Lesbos significance: Classic example on the male dominance in Greece	5
8283920283	Socrates	definition: philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method significance: influence to Plato, and as a result, Aristotle	6
8283920284	Plato	definition: considered the greatest philosopher, student of Socrates, known for his Ideas theory significance: influence to Aristotle	7
8283920285	Artistotle	definition: prominent Greek philosopher, noted for his philosophically based thoughts of "science" significance: his ideas were used in the Catholic Church for years by Thomas Aquinas	8
8283920286	Euripides	definition: writer of several tragedies involving war and its misery significance: greek playwright	9
8283920287	Aristophanes	definition: an ancient Greek dramatist remembered for his comedies significance: greek playwright	10
8283920288	Minoan society	definition: society that inhabited Crete, created an undeciphered script, fell to invaders around 1100 BCE significance: beginnings of Greece, its fall led to poleis	11
8283920289	Knossos	definition: prominent ancient town on Crete where Bronze Age culture flourished from about 2000 BC to 1400 BCE significance: "capital" of Minoan society	12
8283920290	Linear A	definition: an undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century BCE significance: showed the intuitive ability of the early Indo-Eurpoeans	13
8283920291	Mycenaean society	definition: Greek civilization created by Indo- Europeans that lasted from 1600- 1100 BCE, during which large palaces were made, wars fought, trade established; earthquakes and invaders caused it to finally collapse significance: beginnings of Greece, its fall led to the poleis	14
8283920292	Linear B	definition: the modern name for the script, composed of signs and pictures, in which Mycenaean Greeks kept records on tablets of clay significance: shows influence of the Minoans and also demonstrates how society changed through time	15
8283920293	Trojan War	definition: war (around 1200 B.C.), in which an army lead by Mycenaean kings attacked the city of Troy in Anatolia (trojan horse!) significance: part of the epic the Illiad, led to the fall of the Myceanean Society	16
8283920294	Polis	definition: general Greek city-state, including the city and the land around it significance: brought about Sparta and Athens, two influential and powerful city-states	17
8283920295	Sparta	definition: Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts significance: encourage a powerful army that influenced Greece	18
8283920296	Athens	definition: powerful city in Ancient Greece that was a leader in arts, sciences, philosophy, democracy and architecture significance: encouraged a flexible government that influenced Greece and the world	19
8283920297	Persian War	definition: conflict between Persia and Greece; Persia wanted to punish Athens for helping another city-state significance: Led to the Delian league and the fall of Athens	20
8283920298	Delian League	definition: alliance of city-states with Athens as leader, made to keep fighting Persia significance: led to the fall of Athens	21
8283920299	Peloponnesian War	definition: a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta significance: led to the fall of Athens, and in the end, Sparta	22
8283920300	Macedon	definition: ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander of Macedon in the southeastern Balkans significance: origin of Philip of Macedon and Alexander the Great	23
8283920301	Hellenistic Age	definition: period between the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) and the conquest of Egypt by Rome (30 BCE), marked by migrations to the newly conquered areas	24
8283920302	Antigonid empire	definition: the area of Macedon and Greece, the smallest of the Hellenistic empires; cities such as Athens and Corinth flourished during the Hellenistic age and cities were overpopulated significance: center of Greece, most influential	25
8283920303	Ptolemaic empire	definition: The empire in the Egyptian area after the breakup of Alexander's empire significance: had the Megalopolis of Alexandria, many ports, helped trade	26
8283920304	Seleucid empire	definition: the largest kingdom that came of the division of Alexander's empire significance: helped diffuse Greek culture and ideas	27
8283920305	Olympic games	definition: one of the panhellenic rituals observed by all Greek city-states; involved athletic competitions and ritual celebrations significance: helped unify the many poleis	28
8283920306	Forms or Ideas	definition: term used by Plato to refer to traits in physical objects, ex: manly, beauty, etc. significance: part of the deviation from Socrates	29
8283920307	Cult of Dionysus	definition: cult based on Dionysus, had many rituals involving orgies and drinking, later transitioned to a more civilized cult significance: one of the cults that emerged with the Greek religion	30
8283920308	Stoicism	defitinion: philosophical system of the Stoics (person who can tolerate pain) following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno significance: philosophical ideas influence Europe	31