AP World History Chapter 19 Flashcards

8023695467	Prester John	the mythical Christian ruler of Ethiopia searched by the Portuguese	0
8023697798	Henry the Navigator	the initiator of Portuguese maritime exploration in West Africa and Atlantic islands	1
8023697799	Dias	Portugal explorer who rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1498	2
8023701232	Da Gama	the first European to reach India by sea	3
8023701233	Alvares Cabral	Portugal military commander who discovered Brazil and reached India after Da Gama	4
8023703569	Goa	a state in Southwest India	5
8023703570	Malacca	Malaysia	6
8023703571	Calicut	a state in Southwest India (south to Goa)	7
8023705684	Ormuz	an island in the Persian Gulf	8
8023707355	Treaty of Tordesillas	the treaty that draws a line between the area between Brazil to China and the American hemisphere	9
8023709243	Magellan	the Spanish explorer who found the direct way to Asia around Cape Horn in south America	10
8023768582	Cortes	Spanish adventurer who conquered the Aztec Empire with 600 men	11
8025992469	Montezuma	the Aztec emperor captured by the Spanish	12
8025998085	Pizarro	another Spanish conquistador (explorer, conqueror) who defeated the Inca Empire	13
8026010839	Atahualpa	the Inca leader killed by Pizarro	14
8026016523	Potosi	(in Peru/Bolivia) where the richest silver mine in the New World was found	15
8026057718	Bullion	gold or silver in bulk before coining, or valued by weight	16
8026061889	Caravel	a Portugal three-masted ship that, though slower than a galley, could hold more cargo	17
8026074471	Reconquista	the reconquest of Spain from the Muslims (Granada)	18
8026098173	Missionaries	members of a religious group that convert people and perform ministry/service	19
8047163787	Hybrid/Syncretism	the combination of Catholic figures with indigenous patterns	20
8047173887	Virgin Mary/Pachamana	adaptation of Virgin Mary and the Indian "earth mother" makes it easier for Indians to identify Virgin Mary (e.g. mountain shaped, triangular-skirted Mary painting)	21
8047193415	Santeria	worship of Saints, which blends the African pantheon with the iconography of Catholic saints	22
8047196142	Encomienda	grants of Indians to the Spanish (as a reward of their conquer)	23
8047211394	Council of the Indies	the council that makes policy and appoints governors in the Americas(?)/Caribbean	24
8047217752	Viceroy	governor	25
8047219063	Audiencia	Spanish royal court of appeals	26
8047223344	New Laws	the Spanish law that prohibits the exploitation and enslavement of Indians; ignored in Mexico and Peru	27
8047228679	Las Casas	Spanish Bishop who argues that Indians are like children who need protection and care	28
8047236648	1455 Papal Bull	a decree that confirms Portugal dominion in Africa (rights to enslave non-Christians)	29
8047247898	Diaspora	the dispersion of people (from Africa into America)	30
8047252781	Mestizo	European-Indian	31
8047252782	Mulatto	African-European	32
8047253779	Zambo	Indian-African	33
8047253780	Castas	term referred to people of mixed origins	34
8047255035	Peninsulares	white people born in Spain	35
8047255036	Creoles	white people born in the New World	36
8047262347	Ashanti		37
8047270109	Middle Passage (2 months)		38