Membranes & Transport - AP Biology Flashcards
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| 5725049504 | aquaporin | Channel protein through which water can diffuse across a membrane. |  | 0 |
| 5725049505 | bulk transport | Movement of substances too large for protein transport into or out of cell. |  | 1 |
| 5725049506 | carrier protein | Protein that combines with an transports a molecule or ion across the plasma membrane. | 2 | |
| 5725049507 | channel protein | Protein that forms a channel that allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane. | 3 | |
| 5725049508 | cholesterol | A steroid found in animal plasma membranes that helps keep them fluid |  | 4 |
| 5725049509 | lysis | Bursting of a cell. |  | 5 |
| 5725049510 | Selectively permeable | Ability of plasma membranes to regulate the passage of into and out of the cell; allowing some to pass through and preventing the passage of others. | 6 | |
| 5725049511 | diffusion | Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration; it requires no energy and tends to lead to an equal distribution. | 7 | |
| 5725049512 | enzymatic protein | Protein that catalyzes a specific reaction. | 8 | |
| 5725049513 | facilitated diffusion | Passive transfer of a substance into or out of a cell along a concentration gradient that requires a carrier. | 9 | |
| 5725049514 | fluid-mosaic model | Model for the cell membrane based on the changing location and pattern of protein molecules in a fluid phospholipid layer. |  | 10 |
| 5725049515 | glycoprotein | Protein in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain. usually acts as an ID marker | 11 | |
| 5725049516 | hypertonic solution | Higher solute concentration (less water) than the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to lose water by osmosis. | 12 | |
| 5725049517 | hypotonic solution | Lower solute (more water) concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell; | 13 | |
| 5725049518 | isotonic solution | Solution that is equal in solute concentration to that of the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to neither gain nor lose water by osmosis. | 14 | |
| 5725049519 | junction protein | Proteins that assist cell-to-cell communication at the plasma membrane. | 15 | |
| 5725049520 | osmosis | Diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane. | 16 | |
| 5725049521 | plasmolysis | Contraction of the cell contents in plants due to the loss of water resulting in cell membrane pulling away from cell wall. | 17 | |
| 5725049522 | receptor protein | Protein located in the plasma membrane or within the cell; binds to a substance that alters some metabolic aspect of the cell. | 18 | |
| 5725049523 | solute | Substance that is dissolved in a solvent, forming a solution. | 19 | |
| 5725049524 | solvent | Liquid portion of a solution that serves to dissolve the solute. | 20 | |
| 5725049525 | turgor pressure | Pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall; determined by the water content of the vacuole and provides internal support. | 21 | |
| 5725049526 | flaccid | when a plant cell is somewhat wilted (opposite of turgid) |  | 22 |
| 5725049527 | sodium-potassium pump | Type of active transport that moves Na+/K+ across membranes | 23 | |
| 5725049528 | membrane potential | voltage across a membrane |  | 24 |
| 5725049529 | Electrochemical Gradient | a difference in ions and in charge across a membrane (results in membrane potential) | 25 | |
| 5725049530 | Proton pump | Protein that performs Active transport of H+ across membrane | 26 | |
| 5725049531 | Co-transport | When a molecule can only be carried across the membrane with a second molecule (usually linked to a pump) |  | 27 |
| 5725049532 | phospholipid | main component of the cell membrane |  | 28 |
| 5725049533 | Receptor-mediated endocytosis | proteins on surface stimulate a cell to engulf particles. Cholesterol taken in this way |  | 29 |