Biology Flashcards
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| 4432536713 | PATHOGEN | MICROORGANISM THAT CAUSES ILLNESS OR DISEASE | 0 | |
| 4432541654 | ANTIBODY | PRODUCED BY WBC WHEN IMMUNE SYSTEM DETECTS A PARTICULAR PATHOGEN | 1 | |
| 4432546668 | BACTERIA | Bacteria are living cells and can multiply rapidly. Once inside the body, they release poisons or toxins that make us feel ill. BACTERIA GET IN BETWEEN CELLS | 2 | |
| 4432562277 | VIRUSES | Viruses can only reproduce inside host cells, and they damage the cell when they do this VIRUSES GET INTO CELL | 3 | |
| 4432573763 | DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES | influenza - flu, colds, Measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, AIDS | 4 | |
| 4432587625 | DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTERIA | food poisoning, Cholera, typhoid, whooping cough, gonorrhoea - a sexually transmitted disease | 5 | |
| 4432607890 | WHAT ARE BODY'S DEFENCE MECHANISMS? | SKIN, STOMACH ACID, EYELASHES, TEARS, COUGH | 6 | |
| 4432611884 | WHITE BLOOD CELLS | White blood cells can ingest and destroy pathogens. They can produce antibodies to destroy pathogens | 7 | |
| 4432623896 | VACCINES | ARE SMALL AMOUNTS OF DEAD / WEAKENED PATHOGENS | 8 | |
| 4432634215 | MMR | MEASLES, MUMPS AND RUBELLA | 9 | |
| 4432635628 | EPIDEMIC | WIDESPREAD OUTBREAK OF AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE WITHIN A COUNTRY | 10 | |
| 4432639842 | PANDEMIC | A DISEASE THAT IS SPREAD RAPIDLY ACROSS MANY COUNTRIES | 11 | |
| 4432643440 | SYMPTOMS OF AN INFECTION | PAIN, FEVER, RASH, NAUSEA, HEADACHE, COUGHING | 12 | |
| 4432646998 | ANOMALY | SOMETHING THAT DEVIATES FROM NORMAL OR EXPECTED | 13 | |
| 4432653189 | DEPENDENT VARIABLE | WHAT YOU MEASURE- ON Y AXIS | 14 | |
| 4432657550 | INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | WHAT YOU CHOOSE VALUES FOR- ON Y AXIS | 15 | |
| 4432660899 | CONTROL VARIABLE | VARIABLES THAT REMAIN CONSTANT OR UNCHANGED | 16 | |
| 4432721758 | WHITE BLOOD CELLS CAN | -ingest pathogens and destroy them -produce antibodies to destroy pathogens -produce antitoxins that neutralise the toxins released by pathogens white blood cells do not eat the pathogens - they ingest them | 17 | |
| 4518257970 | DECAY | The breakdown of dead plant and animal material by fungi, bacteria and other organisms. Requires WOW W-warmth O-oxygen W- water | 18 | |
| 4518276268 | RELAY NEURONES | Neurones that carry information from a sensory nerve cell to a motor nerve cell |  | 19 |
| 4518296084 | NEUROTRANSMITTER | 20 | ||
| 4518308860 | CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) consists of | - the brain and spinal cord | 21 | |
| 4518312738 | PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS) consists of | - nerve cells that carry information to or from the CNS. Includes spinal cord and peripheral nerves. | 22 | |
| 4518326340 | RECEPTORS | - can detect a change in the environment (stimulus) and produce electrical impulses in response. Sense organs contain groups of receptors that respond to specific stimuli. | 23 | |
| 4518331885 | EFFECTORS | -produces a response e.g.muscle contracts to move hand away from stimulus or gland squeezes and releases hormone into blood. | 24 | |
| 4518423376 | SYNAPSE | Where two neurones meet, there is a tiny gap called a synapse. Signals cross this gap using chemicals released by a neurone. The chemical diffuses across the gap makes the next neurone transmit an electrical signal. | 25 | |
| 4518428566 | REFLEX | -a way for the body to automatically and rapidly respond to a stimulus to minimise any further damage to the body. stimulus → receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector → response |  | 26 |
| 4518444010 | SENSORY NEURONE | A sensory neurone sends impulses (from a sensory receptor) to a relay neurone in the spinal cord/CNS. | 27 | |
| 4518453842 | RELAY NEURONE | -carry messages from one part of the CNS to another | 28 | |
| 4518456069 | MOTOR NEURONE | A motor neurone sends impulses from the spinal cord/CNS to effector (muscle of gland). | 29 |