Tissues Flashcards

6922371791	tissue	groups of cells that have specialized structural and functional roles	0
6922373542	epithelial tissue	covers organs, lines the inside of body cavities and hollow organs	1
6922379013	basement membrane	thin, nonliving layer that attaches epithelial tissue to connective tissue	2
6922385316	simple squamous epithelium	single layer of thin, flattened cells that fit tightly together with broad, thin nuclei	3
6922397488	simple cuboidal epithelium	single layer of cube-shaped cells with central, spherical nuclei	4
6922416060	simple columnar epithelium	single layer of elongated cells with nuclei located near the basement membrane	5
6922423525	pseudostratified columnar epithelium	single layer of elongated cells that appear stratified because their nuclei are at two or more levels in the rows of cells	6
6922436046	stratified squamous epithelium	many layers of flattened cells	7
6922446760	stratified cuboidal epithelium	two or three layers of cuboidal cells that form the lining of a lumen (space within a tubular structure) providing greater protection	8
6922459095	stratified columnar epithelium	several layers of elongated cells	9
6922463689	transitional epithelium	specialized to change in response to increased tension	10
6922471029	glandular epithelium	cells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids	11
6922476498	exocrine gland	glands that secrete products into ducts that open onto some internal or external surface	12
6922480413	endocrine gland	glands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood	13
6922485061	merocrine gland	glands that release watery, protein-rich fluids by exocytosis	14
6922487788	apocrine gland	glands that lose small portions of their glandular cell bodies during secretion	15
6922491189	holocrine gland	glands in which the entire cell lyses during secretion	16
6922500447	connective tissue	tissues that bind structures, provide support and protection, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, protect against infection, produce blood cells, and repair tissue damage	17
6922525759	matrix	intercellular material consisting of fibers and a ground substance whose consistency varies from fluid to semisolid to solid	18
6922531869	fibroblast	large, star-shaped fixed cell that produces fibers by secreting proteins into the matrix	19
6922537138	macrophages	originate as white blood cells; specialized to carry on phagocytosis; function as a scavenger and defensive cell that clears foreign particles from tissue	20
6922543217	mast cell	large cell that releases heparin to prevent blood clotting and histamine that promotes reactions associated with inflammation and allergies	21
6922550423	collagenous fiber	thick threads of collage grouped in long, parallel bundles; flexible but only slightly elastic with great tensile strength	22
6922556048	ligament	collagenous fiber that connects bone to bone	23
6922558603	tendon	collagenous fiber that connects muscle to bone	24
6922560239	elastic fiber	composed of elastin protein; thin, branching fibers that form complex networks; stretch easily and can resume original shape	25
6922570367	reticular fiber	very thin collagenous fibers that are highly branched and form delicate support networks	26
6922579841	areolar tissue	delicate, thin membranes made mostly of fibroblasts	27
6922586697	adipose tissue	specialized form of connective tissue that develops when certain cells store fat in their cytoplasm and enlarge	28
6922601488	dense connective tissue	many closely packed, thick, collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers; mostly fibroblasts	29
6922606290	cartilage	rigid connective tissue that provides support, frameworks, and attachments, protects underlying tissues, and forms structural models for developing bones	30
6922610859	chondrocytes	cartilage cells	31
6922620668	hyaline cartilage	very fine collagenous fibers in its matrix; found on the ends of bones, soft part of nose, supporting rings of respiratory passages	32
6922628798	elastic cartilage	dense network of elastic fibers; provides framework for external ears and larynx	33
6922634917	fibrocartilage	very tough tissue with many collagenous fibers; shock absorber for vertebrae, knees, pelvic girdle	34
6922641936	bone	most rigid connective tissue that contains mineral salts (calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate); great amounts of collagen; supports body structures and protects visceral organs, forms red blood cells, stores inorganic chemicals	35
6922652323	osteocyte	bone cells that are located in lacunae (hollow cavity)	36
6922661063	lamellae	thin layers of bone matrix	37
6922663404	osteonic canal	tiny longitudinal tubes of bone matrix	38
6922682875	osteon	cylinder-shaped unit; many of these units cemented together forms a bone	39
6922704454	blood	transports materials between interior body cells and those that exchange substances with the external environment	40
6922710966	muscle tissues	contractile tissues that can elongate and shorten to move body parts	41
6922714166	skeletal muscle tissue	long, threadlike cells with light and dark striations and many nuclei located just below the cell membrane; found in muscles that attach to bones and can be controlled by conscious thought	42
6922718592	smooth muscle tissue	spindle-shaped cells with a single, central nucleus that lack striations; actions are involuntary	43
6922731675	cardiac muscle tissue	striated cells joined end-to-end at intercalated discs; found only in the heart	44
6922742446	nervous tissue	tissue found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves	45
6922745074	neurons	nerve cell; sense changes in their surroundings and respond by transmitting impulses along cytoplasmic extensions to other neurons, muscles, or glands	46
6922753755	neuroglial cells	cells that support and bind the components of nervous tissue, carry on phagocytosis, and supply nutrients to neurons by connecting them to blood vessels	47