AP Language Schemes and Tropes Flashcards

5525666196	parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	0
5525673179	isocolon	parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure, but also in length	1
5525679076	antithesis	the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often in parallel structure -- may be in words or ideas or both	2
5525684396	anastrophe	inversion of the natural or usual word order; can emphasize a point or can sound awkward; draws special attention to the phrase	3
5525696656	parenthesis	insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentence	4
5525705541	apposition	two coordinate elements placed side-by-side -- the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first	5
5525717042	ellipsis	deliberate omission of a word or of words which are readily implied by the context	6
5525725855	asyndeton	omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses -- to produce a hurried rhythm in the sentence	7
5525731824	polysendeton	form of asyndeton: deliberate use of many conjunctions -- slow down the rhythm of the sentence	8
5525740786	alliteration	repetition of initial or medial consonants in two or more adjacent words	9
5525755335	assonance	the repetition of similar vowel sounds, preceded and followed by different consonants, in the stressed syllables of adjacent words	10
5525771738	anaphora	repetition of the same word or groups of words at the beginnings of successive clauses; produces strong emotional effect, especially in speech; establishes marked change in rhythm	11
5525784367	epistrophe	repetition of the same word or group of words at the end of successive clauses; produces strong rhythm and emphasis	12
5525795582	epanalepsis	repetition at the end of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause; can produce strong emotion	13
5525818301	anadiplosis	repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause	14
5525822252	climax	arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing importance	15
5525833234	antimetabole	repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order	16
5525846204	chiasmus (the criss cross)	reversal of grammatical structure in successive phrases or clauses; does not involve a repetition of words	17
5525859041	polyptoton	repetition of words derived from the same root	18
5525864788	tropes	an expression that deviates from the natural and literal through a change in meaning, often with a pleasing effect, and the device or technique that makes such a change possible	19
5525881485	metaphor	implied comparison between two things of unlike nature	20
5525886823	simile	explicit comparison between two things of unlike nature	21
5525890998	synecdoche	a figure of speech -- a part stands for the whole	22
5525900072	metonymy	substitution of some attributive or suggestive word for what is actually meant	23
5525904024	antanaclasis	repetition of a word in two different sense	24
5525907240	paronomasia	use of words alike in sound, but different in meaning	25
5525911233	syllepsis	use of a word understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs	26
5525917308	anthimeria	the substitution of one part of speech for another	27
5525928627	periphrasis (antonomasia)	substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or a proper name for a quality associated with the name	28
5525939634	personification (prosopoeia)	investing abstractions of inanimate objects	29
5525943046	hyperbole	the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect	30
5525948295	litotes	deliberate use of understatement	31
5525951618	rhetorical questions	asking a question, not for the purpose of eliciting an answer, but for the purpose of asserting or denying something obliquely	32
5525959095	irony	use of a word in such a way as to convey a meaning opposite to the literal meaning of the word	33
5526402532	onomatopoeia	use of words whose sound echoes the senses of the word	34
5558497319	oxymoron	the yoking of two terms which are ordinarily contradictory	35
5558499052	paradox	an apparently contradictory statement that nevertheless contains a measure of truth	36