AP Literature Terms Flashcards

7497025607	amphibrach	3-syllable foot, unstressed, stressed, unstressed (adj. form amphibrachic)	0
7497037666	anapest	3-syllable foot, unstressed, unstressed, stressed (adj. form anapestic)	1
7497046214	caesura	a purposeful pause in a poem; unusually uses punctuation to establish	2
7497049445	catalexis	incompleteness of the last foot of a line or stanza of poetry	3
7497052984	dactyl	3-syllable foot, stressed, unstressed, unstressed, (adj. form dactylic)	4
7497079487	dimeter	two feet	5
7497079488	end-stoppage	a line of poetry in which the reader is meant to pause at the end of the line	6
7497082216	enjambment	a line of poetry which is not end-stopped, in which the thought continues into the next line without any pause	7
7497090725	feminine ending	when a line ends on an unstressed syllable	8
7497093008	foot	a basic repeated sequence of meter comprised of two or more accented (') or unaccented (U) syllabels	9
7497098209	heptameter	seven feet	10
7497103708	hexameter	six feet	11
7497135986	iamb	2-syllable foot, unstressed, stressed, (adj form: iambic)	12
7497140667	masculine ending	when a line ends on a stressed syllable	13
7497164482	meter	arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables in a line of poetry	14
7497166933	monometer	one foot	15
7497171768	octameter	eight feet	16
7497171769	pentameter	five feet	17
7497174006	prosody	a term that refers to that technical aspects of verse (meter, rhythm, stress)	18
7497177153	pyrrhus	2 unstressed syllables, not used as primary meter, (adj form pyrrhic aka dibrach)	19
7497184043	scansion	the process of analyzing a poem's meter and rhythm	20
7497186132	spondee	2 stressed syllables (adj form spondaic)	21
7497233715	substitution	a foot within a line that does not match the established meter of the rest of the poem	22
7497233716	tetrameter	four feet	23
7497233717	trimeter	three feet	24
7497235636	trochee	2-syllable foot, stressed, unstressed, (adj form trochaic)	25
7497238574	alliteration	repetition of initial consonant sounds	26
7497243697	assonance	repetition of internal vowel sounds	27
7497245478	consonance	repetition of final consonant sounds (as opposed to alliteration's repetition of initial sounds)	28
7497248531	end rhyme	rhyme that occurs at the end of lines of poetry; denoted with letters of the alphabet to signify which lines rhyme	29
7497254715	eye rhyme	rhyme in which words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently	30
7497268153	half rhyme	"almost" rhyming; AKA imperfect, slant, approximate or off rhyme	31
7497271014	internal rhyme	rhyme that occurs within the middle of lines of poetry	32
7497273215	onomatopoeia	words that sound like the idea or thing they represent	33
7497276917	perfect rhyme	when the end sounds of nearby words match perfectly	34
7497282313	repetition	the reiterating of a word or phrase within a poem	35
7497298162	rhyme	the repetition of the end sounds of nearby words	36
7497391249	rhyme scheme	the controlling pattern or sequence in which rhyme occurs in a poem	37
7497395295	blank verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter (meant to mimic actual speech patterns)	38
7497399453	cinquain	five lines	39
7497401876	couplet	two lines with end rhyme	40
7497404184	free verse	poetry that does not use consistent meter or regular rhyme scheme	41
7497405492	heroic couplet	two lines of rhyming iambic pentameter	42
7501267235	lyric poetry	a poem in which a speaker expresses what they feel, perceive or think; can be very diverse in topic, style, or form,; usually short, usually first-person speakers	43
7501269407	octave	eight lines	44
7501269408	quatrain	four lines	45
7501269935	refrain	a repeating stanza or line	46
7501308327	septet	seven lines	47
7501308794	sestet	six lines	48
7501308795	stanza	a grouping of lines of poetry, indicated by an empty space before the next one begins	49
7501310632	tercet/triplet	three lines	50
7501311013	anaphora	intentional repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines, stanzas, sentences, or paragraphs	51
7577081692	antithesis	words or phrases with opposite ideas or meanings are balanced against each other	52
7577085368	apostrophe	spoken to a person who is absent or imaginary, or to an object or abstract idea	53
8083009058	chiasmus	a verbal pattern (a type of antithesis) in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first with the parts reversed	54
8083014119	ellipsis	the omission of one or more words, which must be supplied by the listener or the reader	55
8083025038	figurative language	words or phrases that are not intended to be interpreted literally	56
8083029210	figures of speech	(AKA schemes) devices that change expected syntax to create a special effect for the work or on the reader	57
8083038832	figures of thought	(AKA tropes) words or phrases that are used in ways that effect an obvious change in their standard meaning	58
8083043893	hyperbole	a deliberate and purposeful exaggeration	59
8083045797	litotes	a positive is stated by negating its opposite; a form of understatement that requires the negative statement rather than just the understatement	60
8083059653	metaphor	a comparison of two seemingly unlike things that does not use comparative words	61
8083066269	metonymy	one word is substituted for another with which it is closely associated	62
8083069849	mixed metaphor	when two or more incongruous vehicles are used to describe the same tenor	63
8083076073	oxymoron	a kind of paradox that links seemingly contradictory elements that turn out to make sense together	64
8083079610	paradox	a statement that appears contradictory or impossible but turns out to make sense together	65
8083082774	parallelism	repetition of the syntactical structure of a line or phrase	66
8083086404	pathetic fallacy	a type of personification in which inanimate aspects of nature (weather, landscape) are given human qualities or feelings. Usually reflects or foreshadows events and contributes to tone	67
8191381518	periphrasis	the point is stated by deliberate circumlocution rather than directly	68
8191390696	personification	nonhuman things or abstract ideas are given human attributes	69
8191397431	rhetorical question	a question is asked not to get answered but to emphasize an already implied conclusion	70
8191399952	simile	a comparison of two seemingly unlike things that uses comparative words (such, like, as, etc)	71
8191404455	syllepsis	kind of ellipsis in which one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or ore other words, which it modifies or governs	72
8191411546	syllogism	a deductive scheme of a formal argument consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion	73
8191416313	synecdoche	a part is used to designate the whole or the whole is used to designate a part	74
8191421738	synesthesia	one sensory experience is described in terms of another sensory experiences; a form of figurative language; for example: hearing colors or seeing sounds	75
8191428311	tautology	needless repetition of an idea, statement, or word	76
8191431535	tenor	the aspect of a comparison (metaphor/simile/analogy, etc) that is the literal subject; the thing that is being described	77
8191437632	understatement	a form of irony which a point is expressed as lesser in some way than it really is	78
8191440635	vehicle	the aspect of a comparison (metaphor/simile/analogy etc) that conveys ("drives") intended understanding of the subject; the thing being used to describe the subject	79
8191474978	allusion	a passing reference to another work; a historical or mythical event, person, etc	80
8191480217	analogy	comparison of a subject to something that is similar in order to clarify the nature of the subject	81
8191486141	atmosphere	the predominant mood in all or part of literary work; established through setting, dialogue, diction	82
8191491242	diction	word choice; phrasing	83
8191494105	dramatic irony	the audience knows something that one or more of the characters do not know	84
8191525489	formal diction	use of more elevated, esoteric vocabulary; can help to establish an air of authority or superiority; largely informs characterization	85
8191535094	imagery	descriptive language that relies on at least one of the five senses	86
8191539621	informal	AKA: Colloquial Diction, use of less complicated, more simplistic vocabulary to establish familiarity, simplicity, etc; largely informs characterization	87
8191552713	inversion	a change in what would be considered "normal"	88
8191584383	rhetorical strategies	a loose term for techniques that help shape or enhance a literary work	89
8191589824	sarcasm	taunting use of approval or praise when the opposite is what is felt. more crude than verbal irony and is intended to cause emotional pain	90
8191598337	situational irony	AKA Irony. that which is expected is not what occurs (not necessarily the opposite of what's expected)	91
8191607602	symbol	anything (word, phrase, person, action, etc) that represents itself but also stands for a more abstract idea	92
8191612876	syntax	the order/arrangement of words in a line of poetry (or in a sentence)	93
8191618223	verbal irony	implying a different meaning from, and often opposite of, what is actually stated. can be misconstrued as sincere	94
8191625904	verisimilitude	writing that tries to be as close to the truth (real-seeming) as possible	95
8191630645	bildungsroman	a story in which a character goes from immaturity to maturity; childhood to adulthood, naivete to awareness, etc	96
8191730154	first-person	indicated by pronouns I, me, we, etc... narrator tells a story in which they are a character	97
8191736873	intrusive narration	the narrator offers commentary on characters and events in a clear effort to influence the perceptions of the audience. first and third person narrators can be intrusive	98
8191745315	mood	the attitude of the author toward the subject matter and audience. established through the interplay of all devises used in a work	99
8191782318	motif	a reoccurring idea found in a work. established through plot and symbols. contributes largely to the theme	100
8191789167	second-person	indicated by pronoun you. narrator tells a story in which the reader is a character	101
8191832704	speaker	the voice that "speaks" in a poem; as opposed to the "narrator of a book or story	102
8191836601	theme	the central idea that a work conveys; that which the author intended the reader to understand, think about or know as a result of having read the work; established through plot, characterization, motif, etc	103
8191874624	third person limited omniscient	indicated by pronouns they, he, she, it, etc. narrator is not a character in the story but knows the thoughts and feelings of only one or a select few characters	104
8191884766	third person objective	indicated by pronouns they, he, she, it, etc, narrator is not a character in the story and knows only what is visible; does not know the thoughts or feelings of any characters	105
8191895675	third person omniscient	indicated by pronouns they, he, she, it, etc. narrator is not a character in the story but knows everything about all the characters and events including inner thoughts, full background, etc	106
8191905022	tone	the attitude of the speaker toward the subject matter and audience. established mostly through tone and syntax	107
8191911448	unreliable narration	the narrator interprets events and intentions in their narration and thus influences (intentionally or unintentionally) the perceptions and attitudes of the audience. First-person narrators are more likely to be unreliable. Tone is meant to be seen as exaggerated or misleading	108
8193495478	voice/point of view	the one who tells the story; differs from the author themselves; can change throughout a single work; contributes largely to tone. indicated by pronoun use	109