Biochemistry Flashcards

5027281627	atoms	elements are composed of	0
5027288362	electrically neutral	equal number of p and e	1
5027291328	atomic number	number of p	2
5027293671	atomic weight	p and n added together	3
5027330646	reactive	atoms not all filled	4
5027345555	ionic bond	forms when oppositely charged ions attract each other	5
5027356621	covalent bonds	atoms share electrons	6
5027362914	double covalent bonds	two pairs of electrons shared	7
5027379458	molecule	2 atoms combine	8
5027383037	compound	2 different atoms combine	9
5027542458	chemical reactions	form as bonds form or break between atoms ions or molecules	10
5027548578	reactants	changed by chemical reactions	11
5027550940	products	formed in chemical reactions	12
5027567107	(dehydration) synthesis	atoms and molecules joined to make something bigger	13
5027577071	decomposition reactions (hydrolysis)	larger molecules can be broken down to make smaller	14
5027669591	exchange reactions	parts of molecules trade places	15
5027673437	reversable reactions	symbolized using arrows	16
5027719394	electrolytes	substances that releases ions into water	17
5027995776	buffers	minimize ph changes	18
5028007036	inorganic	do not contain both h and c	19
5028013372	water	inorganic. 2/3 of humans, metabolic solvent, transport in blood, carries waste	20
5028025312	oxygen	inorganic. needed to release energy from nutrients and drive cell metabolism	21
5028032733	carbon dioxide	inorganic. released as waste product during energy releasing metabolic reactions	22
5028065689	inorganic salts	necessary ions (nacl, k , ca, mg, phosphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate) important in metabolic process	23
5028100704	organic	contain both h and c	24
5028110716	carbohydrates function and composition	provide energy for cellular activities and ratio is 1C:1O 2C:1H	25
5028130436	carbohydrates are made from	monosaccharides (simple sugar) disaccharides (2 mono) and polysaccharides (complex)	26
5028142448	Glycogen	humans synthesize this polysaccharide stored in muscles and liver	27
5038778110	Lipids	insoluble in water. cho. fats phospholipids steroids	28
5038807993	fat function	lipid. supply energy for cellular function	29
5038829536	fat composition	glycerol and 3 fatty acids. Fats are large molecules made up of cho, as are the carbohydrates, but their H:O ratio is higher than 2;1. For this reason, fats contain more energy-storing carbon-hydrogen bonds than carbohydrates.	30
5038935230	Saturated fat	contain H at every position on chain	31
5038937978	Unsaturated fat	one or more double bonds	32
5038990784	Phospholipid composition and function	lipid. contain glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and phosphate group. important to cell membrane	33
5039015195	steroids composition and function	lipid. complex ring structures. include cholesterol. synthesize sex hormones	34
5039020711	proteins composition and function	CHONS. in antibodies and enzymes to catalyze metabolic reactions	35
5039143738	amino acids composition and function	building blocks of proteins. contain carboxyl amino and r group. 2Oa,a2??	36
5039225330	proteins shape	complex shape held by H bonds. Shape determines function. can be denatured by pH, temp. radiation, chemicals. you cant un-cook an egg	37
5039240654	primary amino acid	protein. chain of amino acids	38
5039246435	secondary amino acid	protein. beta and alpha	39
5039249039	tertiary amino acid	portion of primary, alpha beta	40
5039250930	quaternary amino acid	2 polypeptide chains put into a specific shape	41
5039370538	nucleic acid	organic. CHONP bound to nucleotides. form genes and take part in protein synthesis.	42
5039423320	dna	deoxyribose nucleic acid. stores molecular code in genes	43
5039435581	rna	ribonucleic acid. functions in protein synthesis	44
5039504900	dissociation of h2o	sometimes a h atom is shared between 2h2o molecules. in this case an h atom leaves electron behind. h ion is transferred instead	45
5039582799	steps of dissociation of water	1. h2o that lost proton during dissociation of water is now hydroxide ion 2. protein binds to another water making hydronium ion (H3o)	46
5039700290	dynamic equilibrium	reversible reaction end result. concentration of reaction and product are the same	47
5039772582	how a buffer works	accepting h+ ions when too little or donating h+ ions when too much	48