Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 7591026251 | Atoms | smallest unit of matter that retains its chemical property | 0 | |
| 7591032284 | Elements | a substance made up of only one type of atom | 1 | |
| 7591039727 | Molecule | bonding between atoms of one or more element | 2 | |
| 7591046823 | Atomic Number | Protons + Neutrons | 3 | |
| 7591055055 | Ionic Bonds | A bond between two ions (charged atoms) where one atom loses an electron, while the other gains Ex. NaCl | 4 | |
| 7591074629 | Covalent Bonds | share valence electrons (MOST important biology molecules) Ex. H20 | 5 | |
| 7591092103 | Non-Polar Covalent | share equally and no charge | 6 | |
| 7591094620 | Polar Covalent | do not share equally and slight charge (water) | 7 | |
| 7591100557 | Hydrogen Bonds | a weak bond between MOLECULES (NOT ATOMS) (negative to positive) | 8 | |
| 7591116903 | Isotope | an atom with additional neutrons | 9 | |
| 7591135927 | Electronegative | pulls electrons towards it | 10 | |
| 7591148283 | H20 | oxygen will always be negative and hydrogen will always be positive | 11 | |
| 7591164574 | Cohesion | water molecules sticking TOGETHER Ex. paper clip floating on top of water | 12 | |
| 7591179824 | Adhesion | when water sticks to ANOTHER surface (anything with a charge) Ex. microscopic tubes in Zilon trees | 13 | |
| 7591200312 | High Specific Heat of Water | to change the heat of water, you have to either rip the molecules apart or free a molecule Ex. Bozman and Seattle | 14 | |
| 7591228163 | Ice | ice floats because of the hydrogen bonding in water (as it cools, it forms a 3D thing that decreases density) | 15 | |
| 7591238135 | Solvent | liquid in which a solvent is dissolved | 16 | |
| 7592001538 | Solute | thing that gets dissolved in the solvent | 17 | |
| 7592018699 | Monomer | Molecules that may react with similar molecules to form a chain | 18 | |
| 7592025982 | Polymer | A chain of many monomers that are chemically bonded together | 19 | |
| 7592038995 | Dehydration Synthesis | Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom are removed from the monomers to from water, and the two monomers join together |  | 20 |
| 7592052273 | Hydrolysis | to break with H2O | 21 | |
| 7592064556 | Carbohydrates | Group of organic molecules that includes sugars, starches, and celluloses (short term energy) Monomer: monosaccharide Polymer: disaccharide, polysaccharide Elements: CHO | 22 | |
| 7592099514 | Proteins | Group of organic molecules that includes pepsin, hemoglobin, insulin, and keratin (transports) Monomer: Amino Acid Polymer: Polypeptide Elements: CHON + R group | 23 | |
| 7592134367 | Protein Denaturation | Unfolding a protein -conditions that can disrupt bonds temperature pH salinity | 24 | |
| 7592153921 | Nucleic Acids | Group of organic molecules that includes DNA and RNA (stores information) Monomer: Nucleotide Polymer: Adenine + others Elements: CHONP | 25 | |
| 7592193937 | Lipids | Group of organic molecules that includes fats, oils and waxes (long term energy) Monomer: fatty acids and glycerol Polymer: Delglyceride (not true polymer) Elements: CHO (mostly C's and H's) | 26 | |
| 7592220063 | Saturated Fatty Acids | ALL SINGLE BONDS (solids) | 27 | |
| 7592223791 | Unsaturated Fatty Acids | At least one DOUBLE bond (liquids) | 28 | |
| 7592233770 | Enzyme and Substrate relationship | Enzymes find substrate, connect with it, then spit it back out |  | 29 |
| 7592250416 | Competitive Inhibitors | changes whole shape of enzyme and substrate no longer fits | 30 | |
| 7592264092 | Non-Competitive Inhibitors | Everything stays the same | 31 |