Biochemistry Flashcards

8230356910	Neutrons charge is...	none	0
8230360323	Protons charge is...	positive	1
8230379152	Electrons charge is...	negative	2
8230381929	element	-a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means -own set of unique properties	3
8230429970	compounds	a pure substance composed of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded	4
8230437606	chemical bonds	energy is required to put together compounds and energy is released when bonds are broken	5
8230448209	ATP	-made by cells for fuel -when we brake the bond in between the phosphates we get our energy	6
8230484567	organic compounds	-must contain both carbon and hydrogen - Ex) glucose (C6H12O6)	7
8230500795	inorganic compound	-everything else -produced by non-living natural processes in a laboratory -these compounds are needed in plants and animals in order to perform all important reactions such as photosynthesis, respiration, and digestion -Ex) carbon dioxide (CO2) water (H2O) salt (NaCI) oxygen (O2)	8
8230588475	polarity of water	uneven distribution or charges	9
8230594910	cohesion	water sticks to water	10
8230598967	adhesion	water sticks to other things	11
8230608304	surface tension	an effect within the surface layer of a liquid that cause that layer to behave as an elastic sheet	12
8230623189	capillary action	tendency of water to rise in a thin tube	13
8230632932	pH scale	-measures the amount or concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution -hydrogen ions = H+ -hydroxide or hydroxyl group = OH	14
8230682245	4 types or organic compounds are	-carbohydrates -lipids -nucleic acids -protiens	15
8230704644	carbohydrates	-sugars that provide organisms with immediate energy -glucose is used in cells to make ATP during cellular respiration	16
8230728447	what is another term for sugar	saccharide	17
8230733135	monosaccharide	-one sugar molecule ( simple sugar) -the building blocks, or subunits of all carbs -ring structure	18
8230759441	disaccharide	2 sugars combined	19
8230764145	polysaccharide	-sometimes called starches -many sugars combined	20
8230778711	hydrolysis	to add water and break something apart	21
8230789071	nucleic acids	-makes up DNA -subunit or building block of nucleotides	22
8230802932	the 4 nitrogen bases found in nucleotides are	-adenine -thymine -guanine -cytosine	23
8230850805	nucleotide structure	phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and base	24
8230863271	lipids	-source of stored energy -makes up a part of the cell membrane -lipids = fats and oils -oils, nuts, butter	25
8230890073	fatty acids	building blocks of lipids	26
8230895760	lipids make up the	cell membrane	27
8230910157	proteins	make up most every structure of every organism, hair ,muscles , enzymes	28
8230934072	amino acids	proteins building blocks or subunits	29
8230920041	enzymes	in your saliva, stomach, and small intestine are protiens that help you digest your food	30
8230945280	food sources of protiens	meat, lentils, tofu, beans	31
8230951259	amino acid structure	1. amino group 2. carboxyl group 3.hydrogen group 4. functional or variable group (R group)	32
8230973438	monopeptide	One single amino acid	33
8230992813	dipeptide	two amino acid	34
8230995799	polypeptide	many amino acids	35
8231022121	what is a carbohydrates function	immediate energy	36
8231039165	carbs picture		37
8231043642	lipids function	stored energy and cell membrane	38
8231050265	lipids building block	fatty acid	39
8231053383	lipids picture		40
8231058718	nucleic acids funtion	DNA and genetic material	41
8231062758	nucleic acids building block	nucleotide	42
8231067950	nucleotides picture		43
8231072099	proteins function	hair , nails , muscles, enzymes, etc	44
8231079980	proteins building block	amino acids	45
8231033748	whats a carbs building block	monosaccharide	46
8231082468	Enzymes	Proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions inside the cell that are sometimes called biological catalysts	47
8237958084	activation energy	Energy needed to get a chemical reaction started	48
8237958085	synthesis	Enzymes that put things together	49
8237958086	Digestion	Enzymes break things apart	50
8237958087	What are enzymes made up of	Amino acids	51
8238001260	How many types of amino acids are there	20	52
8238001261	What does the order of amino acids determine	The function or job of an enzyme	53
8238001262	Homeostasis	Internal balance	54
8238001263	Most enzymes end in	ase	55
8238001264	Maltese breaks down	Maltose	56
8238001265	Protease breaks down	Proteins	57
8238001266	Lipase breaks down	Lipids	58
8238001267	Individual enzymes are	Highly specific	59
8244708896	lock and key model		60
8244723955			61