Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 5943450252 | Endergonic | -Absorbs energy from surrounding environment -Not spontaneous |  | 0 |
| 5943455761 | Exergonic | -Energy is released -Spontaneous |  | 1 |
| 5943474688 | Anabolic | -Energy is put in to make simple substances combined into complex structures |  | 2 |
| 5943480480 | Catabolic | -Energy is released when the breakdown of complex material turns into simple substances |  | 3 |
| 5943487109 | Spontaneous Chemical Reaction | -Potential energy of the reactants is greater than that of the products |  | 4 |
| 5943506841 | 4 Major Biological Macromolecules | Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids | 5 | |
| 5943525037 | Carbohydrates | -Provides energy for the body -3 subtypes: monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide | 6 | |
| 5943538930 | Lipids | -Hydrophobic, nonpolar, store energy, provide insulation, make up cell membranes, building block for hormones -Examples: fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids | 7 | |
| 5943564385 | Nucleic Acids | -Storing genetic material -Nucleotides, DNA, RNA | 8 | |
| 5943575268 | Proteins | -Enzymes, Hormones, Amino Acids | 9 | |
| 5943606946 | Dehydration Synthesis | -One monomer forms a covalent bond to another monomer, releasing a water molecule in the process. -Generally require energy |  | 10 |
| 5943617352 | Hydrolysis | -A bond is broken, or lysed, by addition of a water molecule -Generally release energy |  | 11 |
| 5943860240 | Peptide bond | Forms between carboxyl group (COOH) of one amino acid and the amino group (NH2) of the next, with an H2O molecule | 12 | |
| 5943873024 | Glycosidic Bond | Type of covalent bond joins a carbohydrate molecule to another group |  | 13 |
| 5943878834 | Ionic Bond | Complete transfer or electrons |  | 14 |
| 5943880399 | Covalent Bond | Sharing of electrons |  | 15 |
| 5943885383 | Ester Linkage | Compound formed from an alcohol and an acid by removing H2O |  | 16 |
| 5943894288 | Amino Acids | -Contain: R group, amino group, alpha carbon, and carboxylic acid group -Attached by peptide bonds |  | 17 |
| 5943937134 | Starch | -Stored form of sugars in plants -Made of two polysaccharides (amylose and amylopectin) |  | 18 |
| 5943949806 | Triglycerides | -Primarily stored in specialized fat cells (adipocytes) |  | 19 |
| 5943956188 | Saturated | The fatty acid has only single bonds between neighboring carbons in a hydrocarbon chain |  | 20 |
| 5943961916 | Unsaturated | The fatty acid has a hydrocarbon chain h a double bond |  | 21 |
| 5943969399 | Monounsaturated | One double bond in a fatty acid |  | 22 |
| 5943973648 | Polyunsaturated | Multiple double bonds in a fatty acid |  | 23 |
| 5943982963 | Phospholipids | -Major component of plasma membranes -Fatty acids chains attached to backbone of glycerol |  | 24 |
| 5944017687 | Chemiosmosis/ATP Production | Production of ions across a semipermeable membrane down concentration gradient | 25 |