APES: Water Flashcards

7175584431	Adhesion	The tendency of water to stick to other substances	0
7175586818	Buoyancy	The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object	1
7175587981	Capillary Action	The process that moves water through a narrow porous space	2
7175588872	Cohesion	The attractive force between water molecules	3
7175590438	Density	The measure of mass of a substance per unit volume	4
7175592040	Insoluble	Not soluble; does not dissolve in a solvent	5
7175593440	Polarity	Uneven distribution of charges across a molecule	6
7175594565	Soluble	Having the ability to be dissolved in another substance	7
7175595318	Specific Heat	The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius	8
7175596130	Surface Tension	The force that acts on the surface of water	9
7175596832	Universal Solvent	The quality of water that makes it able to dissolve more substances that any other substance	10
7175598051	Solvent	The substance that does the dissolving	11
7175598787	Solute	The substance the is being dissolved	12
7175600134	Condensation	The process of warm air cooling as it rises and releasing moisture in the form of a liquid	13
7175601017	Evaporation	The process by which a liquid is changed into a vapor	14
7175601735	Fresh water	Water on Earth that is used for human consumption	15
7175602430	Groundwater	Water located below Earth's surface	16
7175602733	Human Consumption	The ability for humans to eat/drink	17
7175603626	Hydrosphere	The portion of the Earth that contains water	18
7175604193	Impermeable	Does not allow water to move through	19
7175604868	Infiltration	Water that seeps into rocks and between particles of soil	20
7175607662	Percolation	The downward movement of water through pores and other spaces in soil due to gravity	21
7175608595	Permeable	Having pores or openings that allow water (or other liquids) to flow through them	22
7175609565	Precipitation	The rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls from clouds onto the Earth's land and oceans	23
7175609828	Runoff	Is precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. This water later enters oceans	24
7175611013	Transpiration	Water vapor given off by plant photosynthesis	25
7175612102	Water Cycle	The continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean	26
7175612931	Aquifer	An underground layer of rock or soil that holds water	27
7175615431	Artesian Well	A well in which water rises because of pressure within aquifer	28
7175616044	Drought	A long period of scarce rainfall	29
7175617189	Glaciers	A large mass of moving ice and snow on land	30
7175617726	Hydrology	The study of water	31
7175618381	Hydrosphere	The portion of Earth that contains water	32
7175620354	Icecaps	A glacier forming on an extensive area of relatively level land and flowing outward from its center	33
7175621117	Icebergs	A large floating mass of ice detached from a glacier	34
7175621540	Reservoir	A lake that stores water for human use	35
7175622852	River Basin	The region of land drained by a river and its tributaries	36
7175623488	Watershed	The land area that supplies water to a river system	37
7175624396	Wetland	A land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some or all of the year. AKA estuary, swamp, bog	38
7175625489	Oceanography	The study and exploration of the world's ocean.	39
7175626281	ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle)	Unmanned submersible tethered to a mother ship and operated by pilots using a joy stick.	40
7175626887	Scuba	Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus - device that allows divers to breathe underwater for long periods of time	41
7175627930	SONAR	SOund NAvigation Ranging - used to measure ocean depth by sending sound to bounce off the ocean floor.	42
7175628975	Submersible	A small submarine used to explore the ocean depths; equipped with windows, lights, mechanical arms, cameras and other scientific instruments capable of seeing and recording data.	43
7175629637	Abyssal Plain	Mostly flat portion of ocean floor which provides a home to a variety of unique organisms that are adapted to the extreme conditions of this habitat.	44
7175632348	Benthos	Organisms that live on or in the ocean floor	45
7175633166	Chemosynthesis	The production of organic material by energy from chemical reactions rather than light.	46
7175633875	Consumer	Feed on other organisms (plant or animal) because they cannot make their own food.	47
7175634701	Continental Shelf	Extends from the edge of the continent outward to where the bottom sharply drops off into a steep slope.	48
7175636735	Continental Slope	The steep incline between the continental shelf and the abyssal plain	49
7175637664	Ecosystem	A community of different but interdependent species and their non-living environment.	50
7175638103	Estuary	body of water where a river meets the ocean	51
7175638816	Food Chain	A hierarchy of food relationships from the simplest to most complex.	52
7175639723	Habitat	The immediate space where an animal or plant lives and has food, water and protection.	53
7175640069	Hydrothermal Vent	An opening in the sea floor where super-heated water and other material are discharged into the surrounding seawater	54
7175640732	Intertidal Zone	The area that lies between the low-tide and the high-tide line.	55
7175641254	Mid-Ocean Ridge	A chain of undersea mountains that circles the earth through every ocean.	56
7175642075	Nekton	Free-swimming organisms whose movements are independent of the tides, currents, and waves	57
7175642879	Neritic Zone	The first 200 meters (656 feet) of ocean water, which includes the seashore and most of the continental shelf.	58
7175643812	Oceanic Zone	Extends from 200 meters (656 feet) deep all the way down to the bottom of the ocean.	59
7175644233	Ocean trench	The deepest parts of the ocean. The deepest one is the Marianas Trench (located in the South Pacific Ocean - almost 5 miles (8.05 kilometers) deep.	60
7175644637	Photosynthesis	A chemical process where plants and algae use a sun's energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water	61
7175645140	Producer	A living thing that produces its own food within itself, usually by using sunlight energy in photosynthesis	62
7175646538	Salinity	The amount of dissolved solids in seawater	63
7175647700	Seamount	A volcanic peak that rises at least 3280 feet (1000 m) from the seafloor.	64
7175648194	Upwelling	The upward movement to the ocean surface of deeper, cold and usually nutrient-rich waters, especially along some shores, due to the offshore movement of surface waters	65
7175649664	Bio indicator	Organisms or components of organisms that are used to assess the health of a water system; an organism or community associated with particular environmental condition a change to the number of organisms or the proportions of the community indicate a change in the environment.	66
7175650331	Dissolved Oxygen	Measure of water quality indicating free oxygen dissolved in water.	67
7175651163	Indicator	A chemical material or solution which can be used to show (usually by a change in color) the endpoint of a chemical reaction or chemical concentration.	68
7175652156	Nitrate	Nitrogen compounds used for growth by plants and algae; a compound that can be used by photosynthetic life forms to obtain the nitrogen needed for survival	69
7175653032	pH	The measure of how acidic or basic a substance.	70
7175654387	pH scale	Rating of how acidic or basic a substance is the scale goes from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral values less than 7 being acidic and values greater than 7 being	71
7175656074	Turbidity	A measure of the clarity of the water (how clear is it?)	72
7175657480	Water quality	Used to describe the health of a water system	73
7175657807	Contaminates	Any foreign components in a substance, for example in water.	74
7175658218	Non-point source pollution	Pollution that comes from many places or sources that is not easily identified; pollution that results from water flow picking up trash, toxic chemicals, and other types of waste	75
7175659852	Point Source pollution	Pollution that can be traced to a specific source such as oil that spills from a pipeline	76
7175660453	Pollutant	Any substance or form of energy that can cause harm to the environment and make it unfit for use by organisms; any substance that can negatively affect an ecosystem	77
7175661134	Stewardship	Responsibility for conserving and restoring the Earth's resources for future generations	78
7175661784	Wastewater	Water that runs into drains that may contain sewage and chemicals from homes and businesses or pollutants from industry	79
7175662836	Omnivore	An organism that eats both plants and animals	80
7175664897	Herbivore	An organism that eats only plants	81
7175665462	Carnivore	An organism that eats only meat	82
7175666416	Food web	Two or more food chains that are interconnected	83
7175667529	Food chain	A model that shows the flow of energy from one organism to another	84
7175668001	Predator	An animal that hunts for food	85
7175668339	Prey	An animal that is hunted for food	86
7175668680	Producer	A plant that make its own food	87
7175669629	Consumer	An organism that cannot make its own food and must eat to get energy	88
7175670317	Sea	Part of the ocean surrounded by mostly land	89
7175670609	Salinity	The concentration of salt in the ocean	90
7175671248	Wave	Rhythmic movement of energy in the water caused by high winds	91
7175674235	Upwelling	The upward movement of cold water from the ocean floor	92
7175675292	El Nino	Abnormal climate event that occurs every 2-7 years	93
7175676449	Continental Shelf	The gradually sloping end of a continent that extends under the ocean	94
7175676939	Abyssal Plains	Large, flat areas on the ocean floor	95
7175678473	Guyots	Flat topped seamounts	96
7175679303	Trenches	The deepest parts of the ocean found along the edge of the ocean floor	97
7175680037	Mid-ocean Ridge	The area in an ocean basin where new ocean floor is formed	98