Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 4914124501 | Isotope | the same element with a different number of neutrons. Used in PET scans | 0 | |
| 4914140990 | Covanlent Bonds | bonds that share electrons | 1 | |
| 4914142937 | Ionic Bonds | Electrons are transferred from one atom to the other. | 2 | |
| 4914156875 | Monomer | Building block molecules | 3 | |
| 4914158321 | Polymer | Bonds monomers | 4 | |
| 4914160859 | Dehydration Synthesis | means to put together while losing water | 5 | |
| 4914171057 | Hydrolysis | A water molecule is consumed as a result of breaking the covalent bond holding together the 2 components of a polymer. | 6 | |
| 4914180789 | Monosaccharide | any class of sugars | 7 | |
| 4914182776 | Polysaccharide | a carbohydrate that consists of a number of sugar molecules connected together. | 8 | |
| 4914182777 | Cohesion | H bonding between H2O molecules. Water sticks to itself, creates surface tension | 9 | |
| 4914182778 | Adhesion | H bonding between H2O and other substances. water sticks to polar molecules -ex: meniscus | 10 | |
| 4914185977 | Good Solvent | Polarity makes H2O a good solvent. Polar H2O molecules are surrounded by + and - ions. | 11 | |
| 4914187817 | Lower density as a solid | water doesn't become denser as a solid unlike other substances. Ice floats, H bonds form a crystal that takes up more space as a solid. | 12 | |
| 4914187818 | High specific heat | H2O resists changes in temperature, water regulates the temperature of the Earth. *needs a lot of energy to change* | 13 | |
| 4914191267 | High heat of vaporization | How much energy required to turn a liquid into a gas. H bonds of water require more energy to break | 14 | |
| 4914193210 | Biomolecules | A molecule that is present in living organisms. The 4 main bio molecules are Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic Acid. | 15 | |
| 4914298251 | Solvent | Water is know as the universal solvent. | 16 | |
| 4914298252 | Solute | the substance dissolved | 17 | |
| 4914306438 | Solution | The mixture of 2 substances | 18 | |
| 4914354947 | pH scale | Closer to 1 is more acidic, 7 is neutral like water, and 14 is basic. |  | 19 |
| 4914387056 | Alkaline | a pH greater than 7 | 20 | |
| 4914390822 | acid | any pH less than 7 | 21 | |
| 4914424723 | extra H+ ions | Hydrogen ions | 22 | |
| 4914426638 | extra OH- ions | Hydroxyl ions | 23 | |
| 4914502634 | Carbohydrate | Monomer:sugar Function:quick energy Examples: bread, rice, pasta |  | 24 |
| 4914502635 | Lipids | Monomer: nucleotides Function:long term energy Examples: butter, oil, waxes | 25 | |
| 4914502636 | Protein | Monomer: amino acids Function: hormones, movement, immune system, enzymes Examples: muscle, skin, hair, insulin |  | 26 |
| 4914504287 | Nucleic Acid | Monomer: nucleotide Functions: stores information genes Examples: DNA & RNA |  | 27 |
| 4914665027 | 6 most common elements | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur | 28 |