Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 4865756299 | Amino acid | Building blocks of proteins. |  | 0 |
| 4865759750 | Amphipathic | A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region. | 1 | |
| 4865759751 | Carbohydrate | Class of energy giving nutrients that include starches, fibers and sugars. | 2 | |
| 4865761552 | Carbon | A colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. It is naturally present in air (about 0.03 percent) and is absorbed by plants in photosynthesis. | 3 | |
| 4865761553 | Denaturation | In proteins, a process in which a protein unravels and loses its native conformation, thereby becoming biologically inactive. In DNA, the separation of the two strands of the double helix. | 4 | |
| 4865763517 | Disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. | 5 | |
| 4865765058 | Ester bond | The bond formed when fatty acid molecules are joined to glycerol molecules in condensation reactions. | 6 | |
| 4865765059 | Fibrous protein | Insoluble proteins that serve in a protective or structural role; contain polypeptide chains that generally share a common secondary structure |  | 7 |
| 4865767210 | Globular protein | These proteins are small spheres with little to no water inside. They have hydrophobic amino acids in the inside and hydrophilic R groups on the outside. | 8 | |
| 4865769880 | Glycosydic bond | A covalent bond formed between two monosaccarides by a dehydration reaction. | 9 | |
| 4865771678 | Hydrogen bond | A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. | 10 | |
| 4865771679 | Ion | An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. | 11 | |
| 4865771680 | Lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |  | 12 |
| 4865775081 | Macromolecule | A molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer. | 13 | |
| 4865775082 | Monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers. | 14 | |
| 4865777422 | Monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. | 15 | |
| 4865777423 | Nitrogen | The most abundant gas in the atmosphere. | 16 | |
| 4865780165 | Non-Polar molecule | Electrically neutral molecules with electrons shared evenly with atoms. results from electrons orbiting equally around both atoms. |  | 17 |
| 4865780166 | Nucleic Acid | Any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotid chains that are vital constituents of all living cells | 18 | |
| 4865781989 | Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. | 19 | |
| 4865781990 | Organic molecule | A molecule containing carbon that is part of or produced by living systems. | 20 | |
| 4865783819 | Peptide bond | The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. | 21 | |
| 4865785391 | Phospholipid | A class of lipid molecules in which a phosphate group is linked to glycerol and two fatty acetyl groups; a chief component of biological membranes. |  | 22 |
| 4865785392 | Polar molecule | Molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end. | 23 | |
| 4865787387 | Polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. | 24 | |
| 4865787388 | Protein | An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells. | 25 | |
| 4865789551 | Water | A liquid made of hydroden and oxygen. | 26 |