AP PHYSICS 1 CONCEPTS Flashcards
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| 6714213081 | vector | quantity that involves both magnitude and direction | 0 | |
| 6714213082 | scalar | a quantity that does not involve a direction | 1 | |
| 6714213084 | kinematics | mathematical tools for describing motion in terms of displacement, velocity, and acceleration | 2 | |
| 6714213085 | position | location in some point in space | 3 | |
| 6714213086 | displacement | change in position | 4 | |
| 6714213087 | average speed formula | total distance/ time d/t | 5 | |
| 6714213088 | average velocity | displacement / time △x/△t | 6 | |
| 6714213089 | velocity | speed with a direction | 7 | |
| 6714213090 | acceleration | change in velocity/ time △v/△t | 8 | |
| 6714213091 | slope of position-versus-time graph | velocity | 9 | |
| 6714213092 | slope of velocity-versus-time graph | acceleration | 10 | |
| 6714213093 | area between the graph and the t axis on a velocity-versus-time graph | object's displacement | 11 | |
| 6714213094 | gravity | -10 m/s^2 | 12 | |
| 6714213095 | Newton's first law | an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in constant velocity unless a net force acts on it (law of inertia) | 13 | |
| 6714213096 | Newton's second law |  | 14 | |
| 6714213097 | Newton's third law | for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction (action/ reaction pair) | 15 | |
| 6714213098 | newton | kg m/s^2 unit of force | 16 | |
| 6714213099 | inertia | the property of objects to naturally resist changes in their states of motion | 17 | |
| 6714213100 | weight (of an object) | the gravitational force exerted on it by the Earth or whatever planet Fw or Fg= mg | 18 | |
| 6714213101 | normal force | component of force that's perpendicular to the surface | 19 | |
| 6714213102 | free-body (or force) diagram |  | 20 | |
| 6714213103 | friction force | the component of the contact force that's parallel to the surface | 21 | |
| 6714213104 | static friction | occurs when there is no motion between two objects (friction that holds an object still) | 22 | |
| 6714213105 | mu | coefficient of friction | 23 | |
| 6714213106 | kinetic friction | occurs when there is relative motion (when there's sliding) | 24 | |
| 6714213107 | F static friction, max= | mu,s (FN) coefficient of friction x normal force | 25 | |
| 6714213108 | F kinetic friction= | mu,k (FN) | 26 | |
| 6714213109 | work | -scalar -if a force F acts over a distance d and F is parallel to d, then the work done by F is the product of force and distance W=Fd | 27 | |
| 6714213110 | work at an angle | - only component of force in direction of motion does any work - a force applied perpendicular to direction of motion does ZERO work |  | 28 |
| 6714213111 | kinetic energy | the energy of an object due to motion K= (1/2)bh | 29 | |
| 6714213112 | work energy theorem | Work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object |  | 30 |
| 6714213113 | potential energy | the energy an object or system has by virtue of its position Ug - gravitational potential energy △Ug= mg△h | 31 | |
| 6714213114 | elastic potential energy | Us= (1/2) kx^2 | 32 | |
| 6714213115 | total mechanical energy | the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energies, denoted by E E= K+U | 33 | |
| 6714213116 | law of conservation of total energy | Ki + Ui = Kf +Uf (initial mechanical energy Ei = final mechanical energy Ef) | 34 | |
| 6714213117 | power | the rate at which one does work given by P= W/t or P=Fv | 35 | |
| 6714213118 | momentum | vector quantity given by p = mv | 36 | |
| 6714213119 | impulse | -pushing on an object for a certain amount of time -impulses cause a change in momentum -vector J= F△t or J=△p |  | 37 |
| 6714213120 | conservation of momentum | -the total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant total p initial = total p final | 38 | |
| 6714213121 | uniform circular motion | -speed is constant - velocity is not constant because the direction of velocity is always changing -in order to produce acceleration there must be a force towards the center | 39 | |
| 6714213122 | centripetal acceleration | centripetal= towards the center ** if a question has circular motion and asks about speed, set up with N2L and use this acceleration ** |  | 40 |
| 6714213123 | centripetal force | ** this is N2L with centripetal accel substituted in ** |  | 41 |
| 6714213124 | newton's law of gravitation | any two objects in the universe exert an attractive force on each other called the gravitational force | 42 | |
| 6714213125 | universal gravitational constant (G)= |  | 43 | |
| 6714213126 | gravitational force | r is the distance between the two objects |  | 44 |
| 6714213128 | torque | -a property of force that makes an object rotate - NOT A FORCE - theta = angle between force and object |  | 45 |
| 6714213129 | equilibrium | - sum of all forces acting on an object is 0: F net=0 | 46 | |
| 6714213130 | rotational equilibrium | - sum of all torques on an object is 0: T net = 0 | 47 | |
| 6714213131 | static equilibrium | an object is at rest | 48 | |
| 6714213132 | rotational inertia | also known as the moment of inertia -the tendency of an object in motion to rotate until acted upon by an outside force | 49 | |
| 6714213133 | Simple Harmonic Motion | when restoring force is proportional to an object's displacement (hooke's law) | 50 | |
| 6714606005 | Period of a pendulum | - not affected by mass - measured in seconds (time) |  | 51 |
| 6714612289 | wave interference | - when wave pulses run into each other - amplitudes combine | 52 | |
| 6714637182 | angular momentum | - always conserved L = Iw |  | 53 |