Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 8292976498 | organic compound | Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen |  | 0 |
| 8292976499 | inorganic compound | a compound that does not have both hydrogen and carbon | 1 | |
| 8292976500 | protein | A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids. |  | 2 |
| 8292976501 | polypeptide | A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. |  | 3 |
| 8292976502 | dipeptide | a molecule consisting of two amino acids |  | 4 |
| 8292976503 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein |  | 5 |
| 8292976504 | dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules are bonded together with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 6 |
| 8292976505 | polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. |  | 7 |
| 8292976506 | monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers | | 8 |
| 8292976507 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water |  | 9 |
| 8292976508 | fatty acid | unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids |  | 10 |
| 8292976509 | glycerol | A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils. |  | 11 |
| 8292976510 | lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |  | 12 |
| 8292976511 | carbohydrate | "Compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the approximate ratio of C:2H:O (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose)" |  | 13 |
| 8292976512 | monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. |  | 14 |
| 8292976513 | polysaccharide | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides | | 15 |
| 8292976514 | disaccharide | A sugar consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. |  | 16 |
| 8292976515 | DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | A complex nucleic acid molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. |  | 17 |
| 8292976516 | nucleic acid | A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells | | 18 |
| 8292976517 | nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |  | 19 |