Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 6869374858 | Element | Basic building block of physical matter. Cannot be broken down to a simpler structure | 0 | |
| 6869382972 | Atom | The smallest unit of an element | 1 | |
| 6869384708 | Compound | A chemical substance composed of two or more atoms of elements | 2 | |
| 6869389587 | Molecule | The smallest unit of a compound | 3 | |
| 6869396053 | pH Scale | The scale that is used to identify acids and bases (ranges from 0-14), acids are below 7, bases are above 7, neutral is equal to 7 | 4 | |
| 6869413322 | Polymer | A substance made of "many parts" | 5 | |
| 6869445236 | Organic Compound | Grouping of elements that always includes carbon. Essential to life's cellular processes | 6 | |
| 6869465332 | Carbohydrate | Organic compound that is the quickest energy source for life. Contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (sugars and starches) | 7 | |
| 6869477368 | Lipid | Organic compound used for long-term memory storage and makes up cell membranes. Contains carbon and hydrogen (fat, oil, wax) | 8 | |
| 6869923396 | Protein | Organic compound used for growth and repair and includes the enzyme group. Contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitorgen | 9 | |
| 6869933422 | Nucleic Acid | Organic compound also known as DNA and RNA that code for all genetic information essential to life. Contains hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorous | 10 | |
| 6870096326 | Nucleotide | Monomer of a nucleic acid, composed of a 5-Carbon sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogenous base | 11 | |
| 6870153567 | Amino Acid | Monomer of a protein, includes a variable side chain which makes each one unique | 12 | |
| 6870161476 | Cellulose | Rigid carbohydrate that is found in the cell wall of plant cells | 13 | |
| 6870166363 | Insulin | Protein hormone released by the pancreas in response to blood glucose levels | 14 | |
| 6870173191 | Hemoglobin | Protein in red blood cells containing iron; is responsible for circulating oxygen in the blood stream | 15 | |
| 6870187133 | Enzyme | A type of protein that breaks compounds down and speeds up reactions | 16 | |
| 6870191994 | Substrate | The molecule to which an enzyme binds and acts upon (puzzle pieces) | 17 | |
| 6870203736 | Active Site | Site on an enzyme that binds to the substrate and triggers a chemical reaction, also determines the type of substrate to be acted upon | 18 | |
| 6870212193 | Activation Energy | The necessary energy to start a chemical reaction | 19 |