AP Government: Chapter 10 Flashcards
AP Test Prep
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| 8519335819 | Incumbent | currently holding an office |  | 0 |
| 8519335821 | Political Action Committee (PAC) | A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations | 1 | |
| 8519335824 | Primary | a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen | 2 | |
| 8519335827 | Position Issue | an issue about which the public is divided and rival candidates or political parties adopt different policy positions | 3 | |
| 8519335828 | Valence Issue | an issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be thought to best represent those widely shared beliefs | 4 | |
| 8519335830 | Open Primary | a primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party) | 5 | |
| 8519335831 | Closed Primary | Primary election in which only persons registered in the party holding the primary may vote. | 6 | |
| 8519335832 | Blanket Primary | Registered voters may vote for candidates from either party on the same primary ballot | 7 | |
| 8519335833 | Runoff Primary | a second primary election held when no candidate wins a majority of the votes in the first primary | 8 | |
| 8519335841 | Soft Money | Money raised in unlimited amounts by political parties for party-building purposes. Now largely illegal except for limited contributions to state or local parties for voter registration and get-out-the-vote efforts. | 9 | |
| 8519335842 | Hard Money | Political contributions given to a party, candidate, or interest group that are limited in amount and fully disclosed. | 10 | |
| 8519335843 | Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (2002) | Banned soft money contributions to national political parties from corporations and unions; independent expenditures by corporations, labor unions, trade associations, and nonprofit organizations are sharply restricted. | 11 | |
| 8519335844 | 527's | created to influence the nomination, election, appointment or defeat of candidates for public office - permitted to accept contributions in any amount from any source. No Limits. Tax-exempted | 12 | |
| 8519335845 | Prospective Voting | Voting based on what a candidate pledges to do in the future about an issue if elected. | 13 | |
| 8519335846 | Retrospective Voting | Holding incumbents, usually the president's party, responsible for their records on issues, such as the economy or foreign policy. | 14 | |
| 8519335847 | Critical/Realigning Election | Elections in which there are sharp changes in issues, party leaders, the regional and demographic basis of power of the two parties, structures or rules of election (like voter age/restrictions) resulting in a new political power structure. 60s & 70s vs.80's & 90's | 15 | |
| 8519335849 | Straight Ticket Voting | Voting for candidates all of the same party on the same ballot-creates the coattail effect | 16 |