AP Biology: Animal Behavior Flashcards

7771079977	Ethology	study of animal behavior	0
7771079978	Behavior	what an animal does and how it does it	1
7771079979	Instinct (Innate) Behavior	behaviors that are inherited	2
7771079980	Kinesis	random movement of animal in relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of activity or movement.	3
7771079981	Fixed-action Patterns	sequence of unlearned acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed	4
7771079982	Signal	stimulus that causes change in behavior	5
7771079983	Learned Behaviors	Behaviors that are modified based on specific experiences example: nest building	6
7771079984	Habituation	loss of responsiveness to stimuli with little or no meaning; animal can ignore meaningless stimuli	7
7771079985	Associative Learning	ability to connect one stimulus with another	8
7771079986	Classical Conditioning	arbitrary stimulus associated with particular outcome example: training a dog	9
7771079987	Operant Conditioning (trial and error)	when faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best reward. example: students who study to improve their grades	10
7771079988	Cognition	process of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgement	11
7771079989	Social Learning	learning by observing others	12
7771079990	Altruism	engaging in behavior that doesn't help you, but helps rest of population (selfless)	13
7771079991	Inclusive Fitness	total effect of producing offspring and helping relatives	14
7771079992	Kin Selection	altruistic behavior that enhances reproductive success of relatives	15
7771079993	Agonistic Behavior	threats, rituals, and combat; settles disputes over resources, asserting dominance	16
7771079994	Foraging	food obtaining behavior	17
7771079995	Sexual Selection	seeking and attracting mates/choosing and competing for males	18
7771079996	Pheromones	Chemical signals	19
7771079998	Imprinting	Some baby bird species will follow the first moving object they see usually the mother. example: ducks	20
7771079999	Migration	organisms move from one place to another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability. example: geese, monarch butterflies	21
7771080000	Hibernation	An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape cold temperatures example: bears, chipmunks, frogs	22
7771080001	Estivation	An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape hot temperatures. example: African bullfrog, fringe toed lizard, turtle	23
7771080002	Positive Chemotaxis	An organism responds to a chemical by moving towards it. example: male cockroach pheromones attract females	24
7771080003	Negative Chemotaxis	An organism responds to a chemical by moving away from it. example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals	25
7771080004	Positive Phototaxis	An organism responds to light by moving towards it. example: moths to a light	26
7771080005	Negative Phototaxis	An organism responds to light by moving away from it. example: moles live underground	27