AP Biology- Organelles Flashcards
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| 7667725518 | Cell Membrane | Found in all cells, a membrane enclosing the cell and used for support, protection, and controls the movement of materials in and out out of the cell. Made of a phospholipid bilayer. |  | 0 |
| 7667725519 | Cell Wall | Found in Plants, Fungi, and Bacteria. It is the outer layer of the cell that maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell. Made primarily of cellulose. |  | 1 |
| 7667725520 | Nucleus | Found in all cells except prokaryotic cells. It is a membrane bound structure that controls the cell's hereditary info and controls the cells growth and reproduction. |  | 2 |
| 7667725521 | Chromatin/ Chromosomes | Found in plants and animals. Material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible ad individual chromosomes in a dividing cell. Makes organisms what they are. |  | 3 |
| 7667725522 | Nucleolus | Nonmembranous organelle involved in the production of ribosomes; the nucleus may have one or more nucleoli. |  | 4 |
| 7667725523 | Nuclear Envelope | Found in all cells except prokaryotic cells. It is a double membrane enclosing the nucleus and is perforated with pores. It controls the movement of materials in and out of cells. |  | 5 |
| 7667725524 | Cytoskeleton | Found in all cells, reinforces the cell's shape. Functions in cell movement; Made of protein. Includes -> microfilaments, intermediate Filaments, microtubules. Moves organelles within cells. |  | 6 |
| 7667725525 | Microtubules | Found in all eukaryotic cells; component of cytoskeleton found throughout cytoplasm. Helps support and shape the cell and is the route along which organelles move. |  | 7 |
| 7667725526 | Microfilaments | (Actin filaments) Found in all eukaryotic Cells. The thinnest filaments of cytoskeleton found in cytoplasm. Works with microtubules to form structure that allows cells to hold shape, move itself, and move its organelles. |  | 8 |
| 7667725527 | Ribosomes | Found in all cells. Complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope. |  | 9 |
| 7667725528 | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | (RER) All cells except prokaryotes; looks like sheets or disks; important in synthesis and packing proteins; ribosomes attached to membrane (makes it rough); attached to nuclear envelope, move a molecule through both membranes. Function: packages and transport all proteins. |  | 10 |
| 7667725529 | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | Found in all eukaryotic cells ; storage organelle, creates lipids and steroids then stores them |  | 11 |
| 7667725530 | Golgi Apparatus | Found in eukaryotic cells ; organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products; have cis and trans face; modifies proteins made by cell. |  | 12 |
| 7667725531 | Lysosomes | Found in animals, digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed. Breaks down waste and cellular debris. Digest excess older organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. |  | 13 |
| 7667725532 | Vacuoles | Found in plants (1 large permanent vacuole) and found in animals (many small vacuoles); prominent organelle in older plant cell; functions include storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules, enlargement of vacuole is a major mechanism of plant growth; large containers; contains cellular waste and isolate materials harmful to cell. |  | 14 |
| 7667725533 | Chloroplasts | In plants and algae; photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in sugar molecules; sight of aerobic cellular respiration; breaks done sugar (glucose) to release energy. |  | 15 |
| 7667725534 | Mitochondria | Found in all cells except prokaryotic cells; organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP in generated. Use sun's energy to make glucose, photosynthesis, releases oxygen. |  | 16 |
| 7667725535 | Peroxisome | Found in nearly all eukaryotic cells; organelles with various specialize metabolic functions; produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product that converts it into water. |  | 17 |
| 7667725536 | Cytosol | Found in all cells. Inner fluid portion of the cell that makes up cytoplasm along with organelles and other nutrients. No single function |  | 18 |
| 7667753617 | Vesicle | A membranous sac in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. |  | 19 |
| 7667763082 | Exocytosis | Secretion of molecules |  | 20 |
| 7667765119 | Endocytosis | Cellular uptake of molecules; phagocytosis is an example |  | 21 |
| 7667841885 | Nucleoid | Non-membrane bound area of a prokaryotic cell where its chromosome is located |  | 22 |