AP Biology - Membranes & Transport Flashcards

7978861609	aquaporin	Channel protein through which water can diffuse across a membrane.	0
7978861610	bulk transport	Movement of substances too large for protein transport into or out of cell. Includes Endocytosis and exocytosis.	1
7978861611	carrier protein	Protein that combines with and transports a molecule or ion across the plasma membrane. (protein changes shape in process)	2
7978861612	channel protein	Protein that forms a channel that allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane.	3
7978861613	cholesterol	A steroid found in animal plasma membranes that helps keep them fluid	4
7978861614	lysis	Bursting of a cell.	5
7978861615	Selectively permeable	Ability of plasma membranes to regulate the passage of into and out of the cell; allowing some to pass through and preventing the passage of others.	6
7978861616	diffusion	Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration; it requires no energy and tends to lead to an equal distribution.	7
7978861617	enzymatic protein	Protein that catalyzes a specific reaction.	8
7978861618	facilitated diffusion	Passive movement of substances through protein carriers.	9
7978861619	fluid-mosaic model	Model for the cell membrane based on the changing location and pattern of protein molecules in a fluid phospholipid layer.	10
7978861620	glycoprotein	Protein in plasma membranes that bears a carbohydrate chain. usually acts as an ID marker	11
7978861621	hypertonic solution	Higher solute concentration (less water) than the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to lose water by osmosis.	12
7978861622	hypotonic solution	Lower solute (more water) concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell;	13
7978861623	isotonic solution	Solution that is equal in solute concentration to that of the cytoplasm of a cell; causes a cell to neither gain nor lose water by osmosis.	14
7978861624	junction protein	Proteins that assist cell-to-cell communication at the plasma membrane.	15
7978861625	osmosis	Diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane.	16
7978861626	plasmolysis	Contraction of the cell contents in plants due to the loss of water resulting in cell membrane pulling away from cell wall.	17
7978861627	receptor protein	Protein located in the plasma membrane or within the cell; binds to a substance and sends a message into the cell to respond.	18
7978861628	solute	Substance that is dissolved in a solvent, forming a solution.	19
7978861629	solvent	Liquid portion of a solution that serves to dissolve the solute.	20
7978861630	turgor pressure	Pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall; determined by the water content of the vacuole and provides internal support.	21
7978861631	flaccid	when a plant cell is somewhat wilted (opposite of turgid)	22
7978861632	sodium-potassium pump	Type of active transport that moves Na+/K+ across membranes (3Na+ out and 2 K+ in. Requires 1 ATP)	23
7978861635	Proton pump	Protein that performs Active transport of H+ across membrane	24
7978861636	Co-transport	When a molecule can only be carried across the membrane with a second molecule (usually linked to a pump)	25
7978861637	phospholipid	main component of the cell membrane. Has a hydrophilic & hydrophobic portion.	26
7978861639	Water Potential	The measure of the relative tendency of water to move from one area to another. Water travels toward the LOWER one.	27
7978861640	Solute Potential	-iCRT (measured in bars). For pure water it is zero.	28
7978861641	simple diffusion	moves from high to low; no energy needed	29
7978861642	Active Transport	Movement of substances against the concentration gradient through protein carrier; requires energy	30
7978861643	Phagocytosis	Cell engulfing large particle.	31
7978861644	Pinocytosis	Cell Engulfing small particles/liquid droplet (cell drinking)	32