AP World History - Chapter 14 Flashcards

6632692578	Byzantine Empire	The eastern portion of the Roman Empire which survived beyond the collapse of the Roman Empire with its capital at Constantinople; retained Mediterranean culture, particularly Greek; later lost Palestine, Syria, and Egypt to Islam.	0
6632699548	Constantinople	Capital of the Byzantine Empire; constructed on the site of Byzantium, an old Greek city on the Bosporus.	1
6632699549	Justinian	6th-century Byzantine emperor; failed to reconquer the western portions of the empire; rebuilt Constantinople; codified Roman law.	2
6632700784	Theodora	Justinian's power-hungry wife. She stiffened Justinian's resolve in response to popular unrest and pushed the plans for expansion.	3
6632703832	Hagia Sophia	New church constructed in Constantinople during reign of Justinian	4
6632704287	Belisarius	(c. 505-565) One of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of western Europe; commanded in north Africa and Italy	5
6632704288	Greek fire	Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water; utilized to drive back the Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople	6
6632705400	Bulgaria	Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on Byzantine empire; defeated by Emperor Basil II in 1014.	7
6632712213	icon	An icon is an artisitc represnetation, usually of a religious figure	8
6632712550	Eastern orthodox	Branch of Christianity that developed in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire and gradually separated from the branch of Christianity dominant in Western Europe	9
6632712551	schism	1054 - split the Christian Church into the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church, each with different doctrine.	10
6632713145	Cyril	(827-869) Along with Methodius, missionary sent by Byzantine government to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russia and Balkans to Orthodox Chrisitanity; responsible for creation of written script of Slavic known as Cyrillic.	11
6632713146	Methodius	(826-885) Along with Cyril, missionary sent by Byzantine governmnet to eastern Europe and the Balkans; coverted southern Russia and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for creation of written script for Slavic known as Cyrillic.	12
6632713872	Cyrillic	Alphabet based on Greek letters that was developed by two Byzantine missionaries, Cyril and Methodius, to write Slavic languages	13
6632713873	Slavs	Indo-European peoples who ultimately dominated much of the eastern Europe; formed regional kingdoms by the 5th century C.E.	14
6632714430	Kiev	Trade city in southern Russia established by Scandinavian traders in 9th century; became focal point for kingdom of Russia that flourished to 12th century.	15
6632715000	Rurik	Legendary Scandinavian, regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based in Kiev in 855 C.E.	16
6632715001	Kievan Rus'	The predecessor to modern Russia; a medieval state that existed from the end of the 9th to the middle of the 13th century; its territory spanned parts of modern Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia.	17
6632718390	Vladimir I	Ruler of Russian kingdom of Kiev (980-1015); converted kingdom to Orthodox Christianity.	18
6632719265	Russian orthodox	Russian form of Christianity brought from the Byzantine Empire.	19
6632719266	boyars	Russian landholding aristocrats; possessed less political power than their western European counterparts.	20
6632720435	Yaroslav the Wise	(978-1054) Last of great Kievan monarchs; issued legal codification based on formal codes developed in Byzantium	21
6632721031	Tatars	Mongols; captured Russian cities and largely destroyed Kievan state in 1236; left Russian Orthodoxy and aristocracy intact.	22