AP World History | Chapter 17 | The World Economy Flashcards

World Civilizations: The Global Experience | Seventh Edition | Peter N. Stearns

3555120926	world economy	Established by Europeans by the 16th century; based on control of seas; including the Atlantic and Pacific; created international exchange of foods, diseases, and manufactured goods.	0
3555122613	Cape of Good Hope	Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India.	1
3555124551	Columbus, Christopher	Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to New World and returned in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas.	2
3555125900	Magellan, Ferdinand	(1480-1521) Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Philippines.	3
3555128174	Dutch East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	4
3555128175	British East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	5
3555131365	Lepanto	Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 1571.	6
3555131366	core nations	Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials.	7
3555132940	mercantilism	Economic theory that stressed governments' promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe.	8
3555132941	mestizos	People of mixed European and Indian ancestry in Mesoamerica and South America; particularly prevalent in areas colonized by Spain; often part of forced labor systems.	9
3555135655	Balboa, Vasco de	(c. 1475-1519) First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains.	10
3555137251	Pizarro, Francisco	Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1540, most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish.	11
3555137252	New France	French colonies in North America; extended from St. Lawrence River along Great Lakes and down Mississippi River Valley system.	12
3555139162	Seven Years War	Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America.	13
3555139163	Treaty of Paris	Arranged in 1763 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar islands in Caribbean.	14
3555141318	Cape Colony	Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus.	15
3555141319	Boers	Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa.	16
3555141320	Calcutta	Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal.	17