B&B Lecture 12 Flashcards
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| 5274941166 | pain | -result of somatosensory stimulation that is intense enough to potentially produce tissue damage | 0 | |
| 5274941167 | nociception | -pain, temperature, and itch | 1 | |
| 5274941168 | nociceptors | -axons synapse with neurons whose axons cross to contralateral side of spinal cord before ascending to brain -specialized pain receptors -react mainly to physical stimuli that distort them (pinch) or to chemical stimuli that may irritate them (acid) -stimuli must be severe to reach activation threshold -include mechanoreceptors & chemoreceptors -stimulated by force, heat, cold, chemicals -form "free nerve endings" in skin, joints, muscle, etc. | 2 | |
| 5274941169 | mechanoreceptors | -nociceptor | 3 | |
| 5274942487 | chemoreceptors | -nociceptor | 4 | |
| 5274942488 | C fibers | -axons that are unmyelinated | 5 | |
| 5274942489 | referred pain | -pain originating in internal organs is less common -referred to external source (i.e. heart attack felt as pain in upper left shoulder & upper arm) | 6 | |
| 5274942490 | prostaglandins | -when tissues injured/inflamed, release chemicals (prostaglandins) that make nociceptors much more sensitive | 7 | |
| 5274943774 | substance P | -each axon terminal of pain sensory neurons releases this nt (by all 3 axon branches in spinal cord) | 8 | |
| 5274943775 | withdrawal reflex pathway | -one of 3 pathways for pain responses -simplest response to painful stimuli; reflexive -doesn't involve cortex (i.e. step on sharp stick, distortion of skin activates nociceptors) (i.e. jerk away from hot flame before realize pain of burn) | 9 | |
| 5274943776 | fast pain pathway | -pain perception included -pain location -axons project to thalamus, then onto somatosensory cortex -not negative experience (not distressed) even though knows situation | 10 | |
| 5274943777 | slow pain pathway | -pain perception included -emotional component of pain -negative emotional aspect -axons project to brainstem, hypothalamus, limbic system before sent to prefrontal association cortex (i.e. throbbing finger-protect it) -inputs to limbic system & prefrontal cortex | 11 | |
| 5274944921 | gate-control theory | -explain inhibition of pain transmission -non-pain signals coming into spinal cord can cause "spinal gate" to blunt perception of pain | 12 | |
| 5274944922 | endorphins | -inhibitory interneurons part of gate-control theory -peptide nts -inhibit slow pathway & fast | 13 |