Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 8189823745 | acid | A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. | 0 | |
| 8189823746 | base | A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. | 1 | |
| 8189823747 | covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule | 2 | |
| 8189823748 | enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing | 3 | |
| 8189823749 | glycogen | Extremely branched polymer of glucose. | 4 | |
| 8189823750 | isotope | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons | 5 | |
| 8189823751 | molecule | A group of atoms bonded together | 6 | |
| 8189823752 | nucleus | Control center of the cell | 7 | |
| 8189823753 | polymer | A covalent compound made up of many small, repeating units linked together in a chain. | 8 | |
| 8189823754 | starch | storage form of glucose in plants | 9 | |
| 8189823755 | active site | A pocket or groove on the surface of the enzyme. | 10 | |
| 8189823756 | carbohydrate | A sugar in the form of a monosaccharide, disaccharide or polysaccharide. Broken down to simple sugars | 11 | |
| 8189823757 | dehydration synthesis | Condensation reaction where molecules are connected by loss of a water molecule. | 12 | |
| 8189823758 | enzyme-substrate complex | A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecule(s). | 13 | |
| 8189823759 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water | 14 | |
| 8189823760 | lipid | A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water | 15 | |
| 8189823761 | monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. | 16 | |
| 8189823762 | organic compound | Compounds that contain carbon | 17 | |
| 8189823763 | polysaccharide | Long chains of linked monosaccharides. | 18 | |
| 8189823764 | substrate | A specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme | 19 | |
| 8189823765 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein | 20 | |
| 8189823766 | cellulose | A substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many organisms | 21 | |
| 8189823767 | disaccharide | A carbohydrate compound consisting of two sugar molecules joined together. | 22 | |
| 8189823768 | fatty acids | Building Blocks of Lipids | 23 | |
| 8189823769 | ion | A charged atom | 24 | |
| 8189823770 | metabolism | All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism | 25 | |
| 8189823771 | nucleic acid | a long chain of smaller molecules called nucleotides; DNA and RNA | 26 | |
| 8189823772 | pH level | Measure of how acidic or basic a substance is | 27 | |
| 8189823773 | protein | Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues | 28 | |
| 8189823774 | atom | the basic unit of a chemical element. | 29 | |
| 8189823775 | compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds | 30 | |
| 8189823776 | element | A pure substance made of only one kind of atom | 31 | |
| 8189823777 | glycerol | A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils. | 32 | |
| 8189823778 | ionic bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. | 33 | |
| 8189823779 | mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined | 34 | |
| 8189823780 | nucleotide | a molecule made of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group | 35 | |
| 8189823781 | peptide bond | The covalent bond between two amino acid units, formed by a dehydration reaction. | 36 | |
| 8189823782 | solution | A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another. | 37 |