AP World History #37 Flashcards
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| 8294931628 | Who were Maffeo Polo and Niccolò Polo? | Jewel merchants who decided to pursue opportunities in the east and were eventually invited to the Mongol court | 0 | |
| 8294931629 | Who was Niccoló Polo's son? | Marco Polo | 1 | |
| 8294931630 | Who formed the Holy Roman Empire? | German princes | 2 | |
| 8294931631 | What happened to the theme system in the Byzantine empire? | Landowners began building estates which reduced incentive for the peasants to join the military | 3 | |
| 8294931632 | Who conquered and sacked Constantinople in 1204? | Venetians | 4 | |
| 8294931633 | What battle did Seljuqs defeat Byzantine in before taking over Anatolia many years later? | The battle of Manzikert | 5 | |
| 8294931634 | What led to the decline of Byzantium? | The loss of Anatolia (conquered by Seljuqs) | 6 | |
| 8294931635 | Who proclaimed Otto emperor? | Pope John XII | 7 | |
| 8294931636 | What was Otto originally king of? | Northern Germany | 8 | |
| 8294931637 | What was the Investiture Contest? | A controversy over the appointment of church officials | 9 | |
| 8294931638 | Who ordered the end of investiture? | Pope Gregory VII | 10 | |
| 8294931639 | Who challenged Pope Gregory VII? | Emperor Henry IV | 11 | |
| 8294931640 | What was Fredrick I known as? | Fredrick Barbarossa | 12 | |
| 8294931641 | What does Barbarossa mean? | Red beard | 13 | |
| 8294931642 | What region did Barbarossa want to absorb? | Lombardy | 14 | |
| 8294931643 | What did Voltaire say about the Holy Roman Empire? | It was "neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an empire" | 15 | |
| 8294931644 | Did the Holy Roman Empire restore imperial unity to western Rome? | No it was just a regional state ruling in Germany | 16 | |
| 8298327720 | Who was the first of the Capetian kings? | Hugh Capet | 17 | |
| 8298338849 | Who were the founders of English monarchy? | the Normans | 18 | |
| 8298364747 | What is Duke William of Normandy known as? | William the Conquerer | 19 | |
| 8298379153 | What did William the Conquerer do? | introduced Norman principles of government to England | 20 | |
| 8298422546 | Where did the popes rule from? | the Papal State | 21 | |
| 8298449871 | What religion was most prominent in Iberia? | Christianity (Islam was present in the small kingdom of Granada) | 22 | |
| 8298484931 | How did agriculture improve during the middle ages? | increased cultivation of beans, kept more domestic animals, dug ponds to raise fish, | 23 | |
| 8298510694 | What new technology was used during the middle ages? | expanded use of water mills and heavy plows, introduction of horseshoes and horse collars | 24 | |
| 8298542000 | What did improved agricultural techniques cause? | population growth | 25 | |
| 8298627555 | What was the Hanseatic League? | the association of trading cities from London to Scandinavia | 26 | |
| 8298567414 | What type of textile production became popular in the middle ages? | wool | 27 | |
| 8298652162 | What were the 3 estates? | "those who prayed, those who fight, and those who work": clergy, nobles, peasants | 28 | |
| 8298672855 | What was chivalry? | the recognized code of ethics considered apprpriate for nobles | 29 | |
| 8298690880 | What were troubadours? | a class of traveling poets who aristocratic women patronized and promoted the behaviour endoursed by chivalry to | 30 | |
| 8298735166 | Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? | the wife of two powerful kings (not at the same time) who encouraged the cultivation of good manners, refinement, and romantic love | 31 | |
| 8298770548 | What was the purpose of guilds? | regulate the production and sale of goods within their juristictions | 32 | |
| 8298809789 | What opportunities were open to women in larger cities? | a few positions of public authority, women worked alongside men in the working classes, dominated in decorative arts, and excluvive female guilds | 33 |