AP Human Language Vocab Flashcards

8160333665	Language Divergence	when languages go into dialects because language isn't common in forming new ones. EX- French and Spanish in 2000	0
8160344317	Language Convergence	adjusting your speech to make it more clear for others/two languages coming together Ex- slowing down speech to make one language like another	1
8160356504	Language Branch	smaller languages of a main language Ex- Celtic, Slavic, Romance	2
8160369084	Language Group (Sub-Family)	a set of languages that have a relatively recent and close origin Ex- English-North American	3
8160380750	Language Family	a group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin Ex- Indo-European	4
8160389157	Dialect	a particular form of a language that is strange to an area or region Ex- Hawaiian Pidgin English	5
8160396458	Pidgin	a language that shifts a slurred speaking of a language. a simpler langauge. Ex- Hawaiian Pidgin English	6
8160402415	Creole (Creolization)	an ethnic group that is made by Europeans and non-Europeans Ex- Haiti speaks French Creole	7
8160412228	Language	a set of sounds and symbols used for communication	8
8160420193	Multilingual	knowing more than 2 languages	9
8160424357	Bilingual	knowing only 2 languages	10
8160430727	Monolingual	knowing only 1 language	11
8160442754	Language Hotspots	places on Earth that are home to the most unique, misunderstood or endangered languages Ex-Australia	12
8160453895	Ethnolect	dialect spoken by a certain ethnic group Ex: New Englanders	13
8160463633	Slang	A type of informal language that is made into more common speech Ex- Lol and Lmao	14
8160471702	Trade Language	a language used between native speakers at different languages so they can trade Ex; these often become pidgins	15
8160487380	Official Language	The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business	16
8160498474	Toponymy	the name by which a place is known as	17
8160504136	Esperanto	a made-up Latin-based language. artificial language used for communication.	18
8160510492	Conquest Theory of Language	One major theory of how Proto-Indo-European diffused into Europe which holds that the early speakers of Proto-Indo-European spread westward on horseback, overpowering earlier inhabitants and beginning the diffusion and differentiation of Indo-European tongues	19
8160533938	Renfrew Hypothesis of Language	three areas in and near the first agricultural hearth-same birth to 3 languages	20
8160541759	Standard Language	a language that is approved as the norm Ex- English in Colchester	21
8160558807	Polyglot	a person who speaks more than two languages EX- a 4-year old Russian girl who speaks many languages	22
8160572715	Isogloss	a boundary that separates regions where different languages are predominant Ex- line between English and Spanish speakers	23
8160604053	Sound Shift	a slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily Ex-theatre and theater	24
8160621942	Deep Reconstruction	technique using the vocab of extra languages to re-create the language Ex- Proto-Indo-European and Nostratic languages	25
8160649443	Preliterate Societies	people who speak and hear a language, but do not write it, Ex- You can speak and hear Chinese, but can't write the symbols	26
8160660647	Linguistic Refuge Areas	an area protected by isolation or conditions in which a dialect has survived Ex- tribes on weeds	27
8160687323	Language Replacement (Extinction)	getting rid of a language and replacing it with another	28
8160697160	Proto-Indo-European	linguistic programs;the existence of ancient Indo-European languages Ex- Hearth for Latin, Greek, etc.	29
8160715019	Nostratic	language believed to be the ancestral language of the Proto-Indo-European, Karlevelin languages Ex- Hungarian, Turkish, etc.	30