AP Literature and Composition Terms (Poetry Only) Flashcards

8256655840	ballad	this is a narrative poem describing a past happening that is sometimes romantic but always ends catastrophically. The saga described is usually in an impersonal voice with the speaker some distance from the action. Ordinarily a ballad is written in quatrains with four accented syllables in the first and third lines and three accented syllables in the second and fourth lines; the shorter lines usually rhyme	0
8256655842	blank verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter; metrical verse with no ending rhyme (Shakespeare)	1
8256655843	cacophony	a combination of harsh, unpleasant sounds which create an effect of discordance. Its opposite is euphony.	2
8256655844	caesura	a pause for effect in the middle of a line of poetry; (period, dash, semicolon, etc.) it may or may not affect the meter. In scansion, a caesura is usually indicated by the following symbol (//).	3
8256655861	enjambment	line of verse that carries over into next line without a pause of any kind	4
8256655866	euphony	a quality of style marked by pleasing, harmonious sounds, the opposite of cacophony	5
8256655868	eye rhyme	a form of rhyme wherein the look rather than the sound is important. Ex: "Cough" and "tough" do not sound enough alike to constitute a rhyme. However, if these two words appeared at the ends of successive lines of poetry, they would be considered eye rhyme.	6
8256655873	foot	a unit of meter; a metrical foot can have two or three syllables; the basic unit of measurement in a line of poetry. A foot is the smallest repeated pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poetic line. A line of meter is described by the kind of meter and the number of feet.	7
8256655874	iamb	a metrical foot consisting of one unaccented syllable followed by one accented syllable.	8
8256655875	trochee	a metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable (bar-ter).	9
8256655876	anapest	a metrical foot consisting of two unaccented syllables followed by one accented syllable (un-der-stand).	10
8256655877	dactyl	a metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables (mer-ri-ly)	11
8256655878	pyrrhic	a metrical foot consisting of two unaccented syllables	12
8256655879	spondee	a metrical foot consisting of two syllables equally or almost equally accented ( true-blue)	13
8256655885	iambic pentameter	a metrical pattern in poetry which consists of five iambic feet per line.	14
8256655897	kenning	a compound expression in Old English and Old Norse poetry with metaphorical meaning, Ex: oar-steed = ship	15
8256655901	meter	the rhythmical pattern of a poem; classified according both to its pattern and the number of feet to the line. Meter is a patterned repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry. Below is a list of classifications:	16
8256655902	monometer	one foot to a line	17
8256655903	dimeter	two feet	18
8256655904	trimeter	three feet	19
8256655905	tetrameter	four feet	20
8256655906	pentameter	five feet to a line.	21
8256655917	ode	a long, formal lyric poem with a serious theme; a form of lyric poetry using elaborate, sophisticated vocabulary in iambic pentameter. It usually focuses upon a single object or person. Ex: "Ode on a Grecian Urn" - the poet is talking to a piece of pottery in a museum (apostrophe)	22
8256655932	refrain	a phrase or line, usually pertinent to the central topic, which is repeated at regular intervals throughout a poem, usually at the end of a stanza	23
8256655934	rhyme	similarity or likeness of sound; may be internal (within a segment of writing) or at the ends of lines of verse in poetry	24
8256655935	double rhyme	A rhyme in which the repeated vowel is in the second last syllable of the words involved (politely-rightly-sprightly); one form of feminine rhyme	25
8256655936	end rhyme	Rhymes are end-rhymed when both rhyming words are at the end of the lines	26
8256655937	feminine rhyme	rhymes are feminine when the sounds involve more than one syllable (turtle-fertile, spitefully-delightfully). A rhyme in which the repeated accented vowel is in either the second or third last syllable of the words involved (ceiling-appealing or hurrying-scurrying)	27
8256655938	identical rhyme	If the preceding consonant sound is the same (for example, manse-romance, style-stile), or if there is no preceding consonant sound in either word (for example, aisle-isle, alter-altar), or if the same word is repeated in the rhyming position (for example, hill-hill)	28
8256655939	internal rhyme	an internal rhyme occurs when one or both rhyming words are within the line	29
8256655940	masculine (or single) rhyme	rhymes are masculine when the sounds involve only one syllable (decks-sex or support-retort). A rhyme in which the repeated accented vowel sound is in the final syllable of the words involved (dance-pants, scald-recalled)	30
8256655941	triple rhyme	a rhyme in which the repeated accented vowel sound is in the third last syllable of the words involved (gainfully-disdainfully)	31
8256655942	rhythm	the metrical or rhythmical pattern in a poem	32
8256655948	sonnet	a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes	33
8256655949	English, or Shakespearean sonnet	divided into three quatrains (four line groupings) and a final couplet (14 lines). The rhyme scheme is. The meter is iambic pentameter, with a set rhyme scheme-- abab cdcd efef gg. The change of rhyme in the English sonnet is coincidental with a change of theme in the poem. The structure of the English sonnet explores variations on a theme in the first three quatrains and concludes with an epigrammatic couplet.	34
8256655950	Spenserian sonnet	a nine line stanza, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter	35
8256655951	stanza	a related group of lines in a poem, equivalent to a paragraph in prose	36
8256655956	stress	saying certain syllables or words in a line with more emphasis or volume	37