AP World History 1914-Present Flashcards

4232069144	Five Year Plans	Stalin's system of economic planning	0
4232085568	Benito Mussolini	leader of fascist Italy	1
4232074942	National Socialist Workers Party	Hitler was the leader of this political and ideological party	2
4232126443	"Total War"	during WWI, refers to the mobilization of economic, natural, and human resources for the war effort	3
4232118143	Balance of Power in Europe	late 1800s-early 1900s, destabilizing factors included strong sense of nationalism, colonial rivalries in Africa and Asia, and German aggression	4
4232144074	WWI	considered a global conflict due to the warring powers holding colonies that participated in the war	5
4232196808	Battle of the Marne	1914, forced Germany to abandon its general plan for winning the war quickly	6
4232136350	Outcome of WWI	League of Nations called for disarmament and global security; United States became a world economic power; Treaty of Versailles required Germany to pay war reparations	7
4232213517	Mandate System after WWi	most Arab countries were divided among the British and French who sent armies to prevent independence even though they could have achieved independence	8
4232164634	1916, western front WWI	settled into a stalemate, many people died for little gain	9
4232184671	Treaties that ended WWI	League of Nations was formed, Germany was forced to accept blame and pay reparations, Austria-Hungary was divided up into separate countries	10
4232254901	Scientific Revolution after WWI	psychoanalysis, sociology, theory of relativity	11
4232160424	sea warfare of WWI	consisted mostly of German submarine warfare on commercial shipping	12
4232234942	France and Belgium	experienced the greatest environmental damage from WWI	13
4232203482	Mustafa Kemal	policies included abolishing the Sultanate, instituting civil marriage and divorce, civil equality for women and the right to vote, and discouraging the veiling of women and the fez hat for men in order to modernize Turkey	14
4232225468	weaknesses of League of Nations	failure of the world's new power to join and in fighting among the great Allied powers (US did not join and therefore this organization could not effectively enforce sanctions that threatened peace)	15
4232241217	Treaty of Brest-Litovsk	allowed Russia to withdraw from WWI, allowed Germany to shift their focus from the eastern to the western front, Russia lost territories along the Baltic	16
4237597636	Fear of Communism	the primary reason for the rise of totalitarian regimes after WWI	17
4232148619	Bolsheviks	group of Russian Marxists that adopted Lenin's ideals and approaches	18
4232081599	Japanese military aggression	resulted in the conquest of Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan by the end of 1938	19
4232087172	Hitler's nonaggression Pact	signed with the Soviet Union to avoid a two-front war in 1939	20
4232093569	Blitzkrieg	German war strategy during WWII ("lightning war")	21
4232096615	Battle of Britain	British victory due to the bravery of the royal family, high morale of citizens, and radar detection	22
4232101322	Hitler's "Final Solution"	targeted Jews, homosexuals, Gypsies, the mentally-ill, homeless in mass executions	23
4232277978	Japan and Germany before WWII	both withdrew from the League of Nations over land disputes	24
4232285754	Causes of WWI and WWII	political instability of the nations in Eastern Europe	25
4232157447	Russia and Austria-Hungary	these two nations were in direct diplomacy and competition over the Balkans	26
4232169955	Balfour Declaration	a Jewish settlement in the Middle East was promised by the British in this document	27
4232194567	Electricity, Automobiles, and Skyscrapers	these technologies had major impacts on urban living in the early 20th century	28
4232260116	Japan's "sphere of influence" late 1800s	Japan believed the countries were China, Korea, and Manchuria at this time	29
4232304986	demilitarization of Japan after WWII	the impact was the ability to devote a significant share of the nations budget to industrialization	30
4232132032	Sun Yat-Sen	the first Chinese leader who was neither a foreign invader nor part of an imperial dynasty	31
4232281217	Chinese Communist Party	adapted Marxist communism in order to accommodate and fain support of a large peasant population	32
4232290033	end of the Cold War	the economic costs to both the US and Soviet Union that were required to sustain the conflict eventually was the largest factor that brought it to an end	33
4237545529	Chinese and Mexican Revolutions	both generated land redistribution policies	34
4237550585	Chinese peasant women in the 1940s and 1950s	Maoist policies that banned arranged marriages and made women an important part of the Communist movement	35
4237553333	the Great Depression	triggered by the collapse of the American stock market	36
4237606241	Axis aggressions before WWII	Germany annexed Austria, Germany invaded Czechoslovakia, and Italy invaded Ethiopia	37
4237556862	Hitler and the Jews prior to WWII	German Jews were forced to wear armbands, their property were seized, and they were forced to leave professional jobs	38
4237599033	Hitler's Platform for the Nazi Party	Germans were a superior race, Jews were responsible for the German defeat in 1918, employment would be made available for all men, all German peoples should be united and Germany needed living space	39
4237558893	Fascist Germany	factors leading to the development include the impact of the Depression, the treaty arrangements after WWI, and the shaky tradition of parliamentary government that was forced on Germany	40
4237570825	France	the Allied landing in this country in 1944 created a European front against Germany in WWII	41
4237574099	Battle of Midway	greatest battle in naval history; Japanese fleet was put out of commission in 1942 due to loss of many of its carriers	42
4237564528	Germany under Hitler	economic planning helped to reduce unemployment through rearmament of the military; established a totalitarian government	43
4237572767	Battle of the Bulge	Hitler's last effort to repel the Allied armies in 1944 due to weakness in the Allied lines	44
4237614345	Manchuria	in 1931, Japan marched in and declared this an independent state, which led to Chinese boycotting Japanese goods	45
4237576091	European theater in WWII	by summer 1940 most of France was in German hands with a collaborative regime in Vichy to deal with the rest of it	46
4237587649	German government after WWII	France, Britain, and the US merged their territories to form the Federal Republic of Germany during the Cold War	47
4237580077	United Nations	this institution was created as a result of WWII to prevent future wars	48
4237585123	The Marshall Plan	a program of loans designed to aid Western European nations in rebuilding from WWII's devastation	49
4237578353	Japan's surrender in the Pacific	caused by the use of atomic weapons on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the US	50
4237543602	Greece and Turkey	the Truman Doctrine was put to use first in these countries	51
4237567625	Collectivization	Soviet agricultural policy following Stalin's concentration of power in 1928	52
4237542582	Berlin	city that was the symbolic point for the beginning and end of the Cold War	53
4237546685	Africa after 1946	most African colonies gained National Independence	54
4237548548	Mao Zedong and Mohandas Gandhi	both appealed to peasants as a base for support	55
4232262839	Cold War strategies	Soviet Union supplied Middle Eastern nations with military supplies and advisers, US and Soviets built up arsenals of traditional, biological, and nuclear weapons in order to prevent war, the US supported totalitarian dictatorships in some Latin American and Middle Eastern countries	56
4237583338	Iron Curtain	the phrase Winston Churchill coined to describe the division between free and oppressed societies after WWII	57
4237589283	"Third World" countries	distinguished by the lack of industrialization when compared to other countries	58
4237590507	"First World" countries	original nations include the US, Japan, and Britain	59
4237592493	Latin America in the 20th century	remained remarkably unchanged, the old institutions and patterns of politics and economy have adapted to new situations	60
4237602232	German appeasement in 1930	European powers appeased Germany in 1930 due to weakness of the western democracies, fear of communism, and a yearning for peace	61
4237616879	Hitler's rise to power	came to power in Germany as a result of legal and constitutional means	62
4237618158	Korean War	this Cold War event benefited Japan in the 19502 due to the US purchasing of supplies and spending by servicemen stationed in Japan	63
4237621003	Vietnam	both France and the US lost wars against communist insurgents in this country in the 1950s through the 1970s	64
4237622430	Launching of Sputnik	this Cold War event was primarily responsible for a massive technology race between the USSR and US beginning in the 1950s	65
4237624693	Warsaw Pact	a military alliance of the Soviet Union and its eastern bloc satellite nations to counter/respond to NATO	66