AP Language terms Flashcards

2490323331	ad hominem argument	argument appealing to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect	0
2490346025	allegory	using character and/or story elements to symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning.	1
2490371863	alliteration	repetition of sounds especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words.	2
2490374408	allusion	a direct or indirect reference to something that is presumably commonly known such as an event., book, myth, place, or work of art.	3
2490381252	ambiguity	multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence or passage.	4
2490385195	analogy	similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	5
2490390729	anecdote	short, narrative account of an amusing, unusual, revealing or interesting event.	6
2490394180	antecedent	the word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	7
2490397233	antithesis	a figure of speech involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure.	8
2490403059	aphorism	a terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or a moral principle.	9
2490407172	apostrophe	a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction such as liberty or love, or an inanimate object.	10
2490412604	atmosphere	the emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.	11
2490418090	caricature	a representation, especially pictorial or literary, in which the subject's distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect.	12
2490426616	chiasmus	a figure of speech based on inverted parallelism. It is a rhetorical figure in which two clauses are related to each another through a reversal of terms. The purpose is usually to make a larger point or to provide balance or order.	13
2490440758	clause	a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. An independent, or main, clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent, or subordinate, clause cannot stand alone as a sentence and must be accompanied by an independent clause.	14
2490451272	colloquialism	slang or informality in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, colloquialisms give language a conversational, familiar tone.	15
2490510682	conceit	a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or a surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects.	16
2490517313	connotation	the nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning.	17
2490522331	denotation	the strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color.	18
2490527333	diction	the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.	19
2490535145	didatic	instructive. didactic works have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially teaching moral or ethical principles.	20
2490539801	euphemism	more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts.	21
2490550997	extended metaphor	a metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	22
2490554333	figurative language	writing or speech that is not intended to carry a literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.	23
2490557952	figure of speech	a device used to produce figurative language.	24
2490561071	generic conventions	describes traditions for each genre. They help to define each genre. They differentiate between an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing.	25
2490569214	genre	the major category in which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.	26
2490573435	homily	"sermon" but informally it can include any serious talk, speech or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	27
2490578399	hyperbole	an exaggeration	28
2490585671	imagery	the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions.	29
2490594198	infer	to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.	30
2490596623	invective	an emotionally violent, verbal	31
2531370028	irony	the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.	32
2531385752	juxtaposition	placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast.	33
2531399275	logical fallacy	a mistake in verbal reasoning. Technically the reasoning must be potentially deceptive; it must be likely to fool at least some of the people some of the time.	34
2531496834	loose sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.	35
2531503419	metaphor	a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.	36
2531515930	metonymy	a term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or substitute name," metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.	37
2531538808	modes of discourse	exposition, narration, description, argumentation	38
2531548689	mood	this term has two distinct technical meanings in English writing. First meaning is grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude. Indicative- used only for factual sentences, Subjunctive for doubtful/conditional attitude. Imperative for demands.	39
2531572391	narrative	the telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	40
2536115929	onomatopoeia	a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.	41
2536117074	oxymoron	figure of speech in which the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox	42
2536119027	paradox	a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity	43
2536121657	parallelism	grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.	44
2536126633	parody	a work that closely imitates the style or content of another work with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	45
2536128234	pathos	attempt to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience	46
2536129659	pedantic	an adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.	47
2536132117	periodic sentence	sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	48
2536134188	personification	giving animals, objects human-like characteristics/abilities	49
2536135945	point of view	perspective from which story is told. first person of third person	50
2536137899	predicate adjective	type of subject complement- an adjective, group of adjectives or adjective clause that follows a linking verb	51
2536141802	predicate nominative	second type of subject complement- a noun, group of nouns that renames the subject	52
2536144744	prose	one of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms bc they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech	53
2536154047	repetition	duplication either exact or approximate of any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, etc.	54
2536156603	rhetoric	describes principles governing the art of writing effectively and persuasively	55
2536161279	rhetorical appeal	the persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to any given work. Logos, ethos, pathos.	56
2536165895	rhetorical modes	exposition, argumentasion, description, narration	57
2536167260	rhetorical question	a question asked that is not expected to be replied	58
2536168782	sarcasm	bitter language that is meant to hurt someone or something	59
2536169744	satire	work that targets human vices and follies for reform or ridicule	60
2536171043	simile	comparison using like or as	61
2536173031	style	two purposes: an evaluation of the sum of the choices the author makes in blending literary devices and classification of authors into a group and comparison of how an author is similar to other authors	62
2536178601	subject complement	the word that follows a linking verb and complements or completes the subject of a sentence by renaming it or describing it.	63
2536181616	subordinate clause	word group containing both subject and verb but it cannot stand alone because it does not express complete thought	64
2536184707	syllogism	deductive system of formal logic that prevents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion	65
2536186534	symbol	anything that represents something else. natural, conventional or literary.	66
2536190625	syntax	way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences.	67
2536190626	theme	the central idea or message of a work	68
2536190627	thesis	the sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, etc.	69
2536190628	tone	describes the author's attitude towards his/her material, the audience, or both.	70
2536191357	transition	word or phrase that links different ideas, used mostly in expository and argumentative writing	71
2536191358	understatement	understatement presenting something as less significant than it actually is. two types: litotes and meiosis	72
2536191359	wit	intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights	73
2536204794	argument	essay you will establish an assertion and support that idea with evidence and logical explanation	74
2536206739	attitude	writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing	75
2536209127	concrete detail	strictly defined, nouns that name physical objects	76
2536210423	descriptive detail	writer's sensory description appealing to sense	77
2536212302	device	figures of speech, syntax, diction, etc	78
2536212764	language	concentrate on how elements of language combine to form a whole	79
2536214519	narrative device	the tools of a storyteller to help build a climactic moment	80
2536217959	narrative technique	style of telling a story, even if the passage is nonfiction	81
2536219466	persuasive device	look for words with strong connotation	82
2536220768	persuasive essay	presenting a coherent argument in which the evidence builds to a logical and relevant conclusion	83
2536224458	resources of language	all the devices of composition available to a writer, such as diction, syntax, figures of speech, etc.	84
2536226796	rhetorical features	refers to how the passage is constructed	85
2536227850	rhetorical strategies	refers to all the strategies an author can use. encompasses structure, purpose, and style	86
2536229913	sentence structure	look at type of sentences author uses. basic sentences structures are simple, compound, complex, etc.	87
2536230875	stylistic devices	an essay prompt that mentions stylistic devices is asking you to note and analyze all of the elements in language that contribute to style.	88
2536237287	synthesis	writing an essay after being given sources that relate to the issue	89