AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards

5768452943	The period of political disorder and chaotic warfare that followed the Qin-Han era is referred to as the	Era of Division.	0
5768452944	What was the capital of the southern Song dynasty?	Hangzhou	1
5768452945	Which of the following statements concerning urbanization in China during the Tang-Song era is most accurate?	Chinese urbanization mushroomed during the Tang-Song era with a higher proportion of the population living in cities.	2
5768452946	The dynasty that ended the period of political chaos after the fall of the Qin-Han was the	Sui.	3
5768452947	What made possible the rapid revival of empire under the Tang?	The rebuilding of the imperial bureaucracy using Confucian ideology	4
5768452948	The man responsible for the creation of the Sui dynasty was	Wendi.	5
5768452949	Which kingdom was conquered by Wendi in 589?	Chen	6
5768452950	What made the reunification of China under the first Sui emperor possible?	The support of the nomadic warrior elite	7
5768452951	What was the primary reform enacted during the reign of the first Sui emperor?	The creation of granaries to relieve the threat of famine	8
5768452952	Unlike his father, the second Sui emperor favored	the Confucian scholar-gentry class.	9
5768452953	What led to the downfall of the Sui dynasty?	Unsuccessful military campaigns	10
5768452954	Who was the founder of the Tang dynasty?	Li Yuan	11
5768452955	Which of the following statements concerning the extent of the Tang empire is most accurate?	The Tang built an empire that was far larger than the Han, an empire whose boundaries in many directions extended beyond the borders of modern China.	12
5768452956	What was the attitude of the Tang emperors toward the Confucian scholar-gentry?	The Tang supported the rebirth of the Confucian scholar-gentry, often at the expense of the aristocracy.	13
5768452957	What ministry of the central imperial government was responsible for the administration of the examination system?	Rites	14
5768452958	The title of jinshi was reserved for those who	passed the most difficult exams on Chinese literature.	15
5768452959	Which of the following statements concerning entry into the Chinese bureaucracy is most accurate?	Birth and family connections continued to be important in securing high office.	16
5768452960	Members of the elite class of China were more attracted to what variant of Buddhism?	Chan	17
5768452961	Which of the following descriptions of Pure Land Buddhism is NOT accurate?	It was founded by Chinese monks.	18
5768452962	What Tang ruler actually attempted to have Buddhism recognized as a state religion?	Empress Wu	19
5768452963	What proved to be the most damaging attack on Buddhism's popularity with the people during the early Tang dynasty?	The Confucians; successful campaign to convince the emperor that the Buddhist monastic establishment represented an economic threat	20
5768452964	In what decade did open persecution of Buddhism within the Chinese empire begin?	840s	21
5768452965	What was the result of the imperial attempt by the Tang to suppress Buddhism within the Chinese empire?	Buddhism survived the repression, but in a reduced state without the political influence of the early Tang years.	22
5768452966	What was the impact on Confucianism of the Tang repression of the Buddhists?	Confucianism emerged as the central ideology of Chinese civilization until the 20th century.	23
5768452967	Which emperor's reign marked the high point of the Tang power?	Xuanzong	24
5768452968	Which of the following was NOT a problem during the last years of the Tang dynasty?	A Buddhist rebellion in southern China	25
5768452969	Who was the founder of the Song dynasty?	Zhao Kuangyin	26
5768452970	The first Song emperor restored the unity of China EXCEPT for what northern dynasty?	Liao	27
5768452971	How did the Song Empire compare to the Tang?	The Song empire was smaller in territorial extent than the Tang Empire.	28
5768452972	Which of the following statements most accurately describes the position of the scholar-gentry under the Song dynasty?	The domination of the scholar-gentry over its aristocratic and Buddhist rivals was fully secured in the Song era.	29
5768452973	Who was the most prominent of the neo-Confucians during the Song era?	Zhu Xi	30
5768452974	Which of the following was NOT an eventual impact of the development of neo-Confucian schools of thought?	Destruction of the mandarins	31
5768452975	Wang Anshi, a prime minister in the 1070s and 1080s attempted to reform Song government on the basis of what Confucian school of thought?	Legalism	32
5768452976	Which of the following was NOT one of the reforms introduced by Wang Anshi in the face of conservative opposition?	The end of tribute payments to nomadic dynasties on the northern border	33
5768452977	What caused the flight of the Song dynasty from its capital in northern China?	The invasions of the Jurchens who had formed the Qin kingdom	34
5768452978	Why was the construction of the Grand Canal necessary?	The Yangtze River valley was becoming the major food-producing region of China by the late Tang era.	35
5768452979	Which of the following was NOT an economic development during the period of commercial expansion during the Tang and Song dynasties?	Military domination of the seas	36
5768452980	Which of the following was NOT a result of the agricultural policies of the Sui and Tang emperors?	The scholar-gentry were removed as landlords.	37
5768452981	What was a primary difference between marriages, families, and households of the upper and lower classes in Tang-Song China?	Extended family households were more common in upper-class households than in lower-class ones.	38
5768452982	Which of the following statements concerning the status of women in the Tang-Song era is most accurate?	The assertion of male dominance within the family was especially pronounced in the thinking of the neo-Confucian philosophers.	39
5768452983	Which of the following statements about Chinese landscape painting is most accurate?	Members of the ruling political elite in China produced many of the paintings in the Song era.	40
5768452984	In what way did foot-binding serve to diminish the independence of Chinese women by the end of the Song era?	Foot-binding sufficiently crippled women to effectively confine their mobility to their household.	41
5768452985	Which of the following was NOT a technological innovation of the Tang-Song era?	Paper	42
5768452986	Which of the following intellectual schools was responsible for the production of most literary and artistic works during the Tang-Song era?	Confucian	43
5768452987	What artisan was responsible for the development of movable type?	Bi Sheng	44
5768452988	The outstanding poet of the Tang era was	Li Bo.	45
5768452989	During the Song dynasty the interest of Confucian intellectuals in nature was most apparent in their production of	landscape paintings.	46
5768452990	What group was responsible for the fall of the southern Song dynasty in 1279?	Mongols	47