AP Literature Summer Vocabulary Flashcards

2864517381	diction	the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing	0
2864527703	denotation	the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests	1
2864530623	connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	2
2864533092	formal diction	a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people	3
2864540445	colloquial diction	characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal	4
2864543737	abstract diction	Language that describes qualities that cannot be perceived with the five senses	5
2864549555	concrete diction	refers to words that stimulate some kind of sensory response in the reader: as we read the words, we can imaginatively use our senses to experience what the words represent	6
2864554168	figure of speech	a word or phrase used in a nonliteral sense to add rhetorical force to a spoken or written passage	7
2864555851	simile	a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid	8
2864557717	metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable	9
2864563064	personification	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form	10
2864565541	analogy	a comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification	11
2864570860	extended metaphor	is when an author exploits a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked vehicles, tenors, and grounds throughout a poem or story	12
2864572991	hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally	13
2864574456	understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is	14
2864576482	paradox	a statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory	15
2864579250	irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect	16
2864587520	verbal irony	in which a person says or writes one thing and means another, or uses words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of the literal meaning	17
2864588384	imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work	18
2864589680	syntax	the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language	19
2864591613	simple sentences	a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate	20
2864593833	cumulative sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases	21
2864599226	periodic sentences	described as one that is not complete grammatically or semantically before the final clause or phrase	22
2864601529	tone	the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc	23
2864608774	free verse	poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter	24
2864612657	rhyme	correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry	25
2864614380	end rhyme	when a poem has lines ending with words that sound the same	26
2864618681	internal rhyme	a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or in the middle of the next	27
2864620646	eye rhyme	a similarity between words in spelling but not in pronunciation	28
2864623033	near rhyme	rhyming in which the words sound the same but do not rhyme perfectly	29
2864625084	quatrain	a stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes	30
2864627702	couplets	usually comprise two lines that rhyme and have the same metre	31
2864631366	rhythm	a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound	32
2864636585	blank verse	verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter	33
2864640850	Italian sonnet	The original Italian sonnet form divides the poem's 14 lines into two parts, the first part being an octet and the second being a sestet	34
2864644582	Petrarchan sonnet	consisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba and of a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes, as cdecde or cdcdcd	35
2864651747	Shakespearean sonnet	In Shakespeare's sonnets, the rhyme pattern is abab cdcd efef gg, with the final couplet used to summarize the previous 12 lines or present a surprise ending. The rhythmic pattern of the sonnets is the iambic pentameter	36
2864654865	elegy	a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead	37
2864656743	lyric	expressing the writer's emotions, usually briefly and in stanzas or recognized forms	38
2864659235	ode	a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter	39
2864667185	villanelle	a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain	40
2864668440	enjambment	the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza	41
2864674480	alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words	42
2864679219	assonance	in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible	43
2864681406	onomatopoeia	the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named	44
2864683384	archaic	no longer in everyday use but sometimes used to impart an old-fashioned flavor	45
2864687645	oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	46
2864692643	parallel structure	is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence	47
2864695758	conflict	a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one	48
2864698364	exposition	a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory	49
2864700300	rising action	a related series of incidents in a literary plot that build toward the point of greatest interest	50
2864702496	climax	the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex	51
2864704332	falling action	the parts of a story after the climax and before the very end	52
2864709424	denouement	the final part of a play, movie, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved	53
2864712441	in medias res	into the middle of a narrative; without preamble	54
2864714671	flashback	a scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story	55
2864717260	foreshadowing	be a warning or indication of (a future event)	56
2864719233	bildungsroman	a novel dealing with one person's formative years or spiritual education	57
2864721603	epiphany	a sudden and striking realization	58
2864724560	round character	are complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader	59
2864727043	flat character	wo-dimensional in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work	60
2864728575	stock characters	ictional character based on a common literary or social stereotype	61
2864734551	direct characterization	occurs when the author specifically reveals traits about the character in a direct, straightforward manner	62
2864738365	indirect characterization	the process by which the personality of a fictitious character is revealed through the character's speech, actions, appearance	63
2864741266	point of view	the narrator's position in relation to the story being told	64
2864743824	unreliable narrator	whether in literature, film, or theatre, whose credibility has been seriously compromised	65
2864746531	stream of consciousness	a narrative mode, or device, that seeks "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Another term for it is 'interior monologue'	66
2864756543	dialogue	The lines spoken by a character or characters in a play, essay, story, or novel, especially a conversation between two characters, or a literary work that takes the form of such a discussion	67
2864759037	soliloquy	an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play	68
2864762696	monologue	a long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program	69
2864764531	dramatic irony	irony that is inherent in speeches or a situation of a drama and is understood by the audience but not grasped by the characters in the play	70
2864767808	allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference	71
2864770448	juxtaposition	the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect	72
2864772779	antithesis	a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else	73