AP Literature and Composition Flashcards

3565185231	Blank Verse	Unrhymed iambic pentameter, _____ is the most commonly used verse form in English because it is the verse form that comes closest to natural patterns of speaking in English.	0
3565185232	Caesura	A pause within a line of poetry, sometimes punctuated, sometimes not, often mirroring natural speech.	1
3565185233	End Rhyme	when a poem has lines ending with words that sound the same.	2
3565185234	Enjambment	A poetic technique in which one line ends without a pause and must continue on to the next line to complete its meaning; also referred to as a "run-on line."	3
3565185235	Eye Rhyme	a similarity between words in spelling but not in pronunciation	4
3565185236	Foot	refers to the most basic unit of a poem's meter. _____ is a combination of stressed and unstressed syllables.	5
3565185237	Free Verse	A form of poetry that does not have a regular rhythm or rhyme scheme.	6
3565185238	Iambic	a foot containing unaccented and short syllables followed by a long and accented syllable in a single line of a poem (unstressed/stressed syllables).	7
3565185239	Internal Rhyme	a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or in the middle of the next.	8
3565185240	Meter	a unit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats.	9
3565185241	Near Rhyme	rhyming in which the words sound the same but do not rhyme perfectly.	10
3565185242	Rhythm	The general pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.	11
3565185243	Stanza	Lines in a poem that the poet has chosen to group together, usually separated from other lines by a space. Stanzas within a poem usually have repetitive forms, often sharing rhyme schemes or rhythmic structures.	12
3565185244	Complex Sentence	a sentence containing a subordinate clause or clauses.	13
3565185245	Compound Sentence	a sentence with more than one subject or predicate.	14
3565185246	Cumulative Sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases.	15
3565185247	Sonnet	A poetic form composed of fourteen lines in iambic pentameter that adheres to a particular rhyme scheme. The two most common types are: Petrarchan and Shakespearean	16
3565185248	Imperative Sentence	An imperative sentence is a type of sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command.	17
3565185249	Interrupted Sentence	A sentence of any pattern modiﬁ ed by interruptions that add descriptive details, state conditions, suggest uncertainty, voice possible alternative views, or present qualiﬁ cations.	18
3565185250	Periodic Sentence	A sentence that begins with details, qualiﬁ cations, or modiﬁcations, building toward the main clause.	19
3565185251	Simple Sentence	A sentence composed of one main clause without any subordinate clause	20
3565185252	Bildungsroman	A novel that explores the maturation of the protagonist, with the narrative usually moving the main character from childhood into adulthood. Also called a coming-of-age story.	21
3565185253	First Person Narrator	Told by a narrator who is a character in the story and who refers to him- or herself as "I." First-person narrators are sometimes unreliable narrators.	22
3565185254	Flat Character	A character embodying only one or two traits and who lacks character development; for this reason, a ﬂ at character is also called a static character. Often such characters exist only to provide background or adequate motivation for a protagonist's actions.	23
3565185255	Monologue	In a play, a speech given by one person.	24
3565185256	Objective Narrator	A narrator who recounts only what characters say and do, offering no insight into their thinking or analysis of events. All interpretation is left to the reader.	25
3565185257	Passive Voice	A sentence employs passive voice when the subject doesn't act but is acted on.	26
3565185258	Persona	A character or figurative mask that an actor, writer, or singer takes on in order to perform.	27
3565185259	Round Character	A character exhibiting a range of emotions and who evolves over the course of the story.	28
3565185260	Second Person Narrator	Though rare, some stories are told using second-person pronouns (you). This casts the reader as a character in the story.	29
3565185261	Secondary Character	A supporting character; while not as prominent or central as a main character, he or she is still important to the events of a story or play.	30
3565185262	Stock Character	A type of ﬂat character based on a stereotype; one who falls into an immediately recognizable category or type — such as the absentminded professor or the town drunk — and thus resists unique characterization. Stock characters can be artfully used for humor or satire.	31
3565185263	Third Person Limited	In third person limited the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character.	32
3565185264	Third Person Omniscient	Told by a narrator using third-person pronouns. This narrator is privy to the thoughts and actions of all of the characters in the story.	33
3565185265	Unreliable narrator	a narrator who can't be trusted; either from ignorance or self-interest, this narrator speaks with a bias, makes mistakes, or even lies	34
3565185266	Antagonist	Character in a story or play who opposes the protagonist; while not necessarily an enemy, the antagonist creates or intensiﬁes a conﬂict for the protagonist. An evil antagonist is a villain.	35
3565185267	Climax	The point in a story when the conﬂict reaches its highest intensity. The point of no return.	36
3565185268	Conflict	The tension, opposition, or struggle that drives a plot. External conﬂict is the opposition or tension between two characters or forces. Internal conﬂict occurs within a character. Conﬂict usually arises between the protagonist and the antagonist in a story.	37
3565185269	Denouement	Pronounced day-noo-moh, this literally means "untying the knot"; in this phase of a story's plot, the conﬂ ict has been resolved and balance is restored to the world of the story.	38
3565185270	Exposition	In a literary work, contextual and background information told to readers (rather than shown through action) about the characters, plot, setting, and situation.	39
3565185271	Flashback	A scene in a narrative that is set in an earlier time than the main action.	40
3565185272	Foil	A contrasting character who allows the protagonist to stand out more distinctly.	41
3565185273	Foreshadow	A plot device in which future events are hinted at.	42
3565185274	Mood	Synonymous with atmosphere, mood is the feeling created for the reader by a work of literature. Many things can generate mood — especially style, tone, and setting.	43
3565185275	Motif	A recurring pattern of images, words, or symbols that reveals a theme in a work of literature.	44
3565185276	Protagonist	The main character in a work; often a hero or heroine, but not always	45
3565185277	Rising Action	The events, marked by increasing tension and conﬂ ict, that build up to a story's climax.	46
3565185278	Symbol	A setting, object, or event in a story that carries more than literal meaning and therefore represents something signiﬁ cant to understanding the meaning of a work of literature.	47
3565185279	Theme	Underlying issues or ideas of a work.	48
3565185280	Tone	A speaker's attitude as exposed through stylistic choices. (Tone is often confused with another element of style, mood, which describes the feeling created by the work.) Along with mood, tone provides the emotional coloring of a work and is created by some combination of the other elements of style	49
3565185281	Personification	A ﬁgure of speech in which an animal or an inanimate object is imbued with human qualities	50
3565286350	Paradox	A statement that seems contradictory but actually is not.	51
3565286351	Hyperbole	Deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point.	52
3565286352	Understatement	The presentation or framing of something as less important, urgent, awful, good, powerful, and so on, than it actually is, often for satiric or comical effect; the opposite of hyperbole, it is often used along with this technique, and for similar effect.	53
3565286353	Irony	is a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. It may also be a situation that may end up in quite a different way than what is generally anticipated.	54
3565286354	Simile	A ﬁgure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using the words like, as, or as though to do so.	55
3565286355	Metaphor	A ﬁgure of speech that compares or equates two things without using like or as.	56
3565286356	Connotation	Meanings or associations readers have with a word or item beyond its dictionary deﬁnition, or denotation. Connotations may reveal another layer of meaning of a piece, affect the tone, or suggest symbolic resonance.	57
3565286357	Oxymoron	A paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words.	58
3565286358	Denotation	The literal deﬁnition of a word, often referred to as the "dictionary deﬁnition."	59
3565286359	Abstract	An abstract term is a general term, referring to a broad concept, as opposed to a term that refers to a speciﬁc, particular thing (e.g., personhood as opposed to Seamus Heaney); opposite of concrete.	60
3565286360	Concrete	A concrete term is one that refers to a speciﬁc, particular thing, as opposed to a term that refers to a broad concept (e.g., Seamus Heaney as opposed to person-hood); opposite of abstract.	61
3565286361	Colloquialism	An expression or language construction appropriate only for casual, informal speaking or writing.	62
3565286362	Dialect	Dialogue or narration written to simulate regional or cultural speech patterns.	63
3565323934	Dialogue	The written depiction of conversation between characters.	64
3565323935	Formal	is a broad term for speech or writing marked by an impersonal, objective, and precise use of language.	65
3565323936	Informal	A broad term for speech or writing marked by a casual, familiar, and generally colloquial use of language. An informal writing style is often more direct than a formal style and may rely more heavily on contractions, abbreviations, short sentences, and ellipses.	66
3565323937	Literal	in accordance with, involving, or being the primary or strict meaning of the word or words; not figurative or metaphorical: the literal meaning of a word.	67
3565323938	Figurative	Language that uses ﬁgures of speech; nonliteral language usually evoking strong images. Sometimes referred to as metaphorical language, most of its forms explain, clarify, or enhance an idea by comparing it to something else; the comparison can be explicit (simile) or implied (metaphor). Other forms of ﬁgurative language include personification, paradox, overstatement (hyperbole), understatement, and irony.	68