AP World History: Ch. 9 African Civilizations and the Spread of Islam Flashcards

4902216957	Stateless Society (Segmentary)	African societies organized around kinship. A group of villages, based on ethnic loyalties made up a district . Village chiefs resolved district issues.	0
4902496195	Chief	The head of the most prominent family who represented settlements as it dealt with neighboring settlements.	1
4902530408	Bantu	300-600 ethnic groups in Africa who speak Bantu languages. They inhabit a geographical area stretching east and southward from Central Africa across the African Great Lakes region down to Southern Africa.	2
4902511780	Kingdom of Kongo	Near modern day Angola, this emerged as the most highly centralized Bantu kingdom and a prosperous trading kingdom.	3
4902366091	Merchants	Brought Islam to sub-Saharan Africa over land along camel routes to west Africa and along sea lanes to east Africa.	4
4902366092	Ghana	Started as a regional state in the 5th century, it exploded as a trading town in the 8th century as Muslim traders came and its capital city of Koumbi Saleh trade and taxes on gold.	5
4902370171	Mali	Rule by the "lion prince," Sundiata, this kingdom included ancient Ghana, Niger, Senegal, others, and built a huge capital at Niana.	6
4902372480	Sundiata	The lion prince who reigned Mali from 1230 to 1255 through acts of legendary bravery, he used his dominant cavalry to secure his kingdom.	7
4902374844	Timbuktu	Along with Gao, and Jenne, a formidable market city in the Malian Empire.	8
4902376520	Mansa Musa	The nephew of Sundiata who ruled Mali, and is legendary for his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324-1325 that spread wealth and ultimately Islam throughout his realm.	9
4902376521	Songhay Empire	A successor state to Mali whose power had begun to wane that dominated the middle reaches of the Niger Valley with a capital at Gao.	10
4902441217	Sunni Ali	Great Songhay leader with tactical military prowess who seized the traditional trading cities of Timbuktu and Jenne.	11
4902461800	Savanna States	Characterized by the fusion of Islamic and pagan populations, and sometimes men and women mixed freely in market places and women did not go veiled.	12
4902383482	New Swahili Culture	Created around the 10th century as as Islamic merchants began regular, sustained interaction with Indigenous Bantu people.	13
4902386377	Ibn Battuta	Medieval Moroccan Muslim traveler and scholar, who is widely recognized as one of the greatest travelers of all time.	14
4902386378	Kilwa	An impressive trade city along the east African coast.	15
4902389158	Zimbabwe	Central African kingdom which also was influenced by wealth from east Africa, which by the early 13th century had impressive stone complexes.	16
4902390891	Age Sets	In smaller states and kin-based societies along with sex and gender expectations this often determined social positions and helped organize societies in a unique African tradition.	17
4902392077	Slave Trading	A practice dating back to African antiquity that was usually the result of prisoners of war, debt, criminals or suspected witches.	18
4902393328	Zanj Revolt	A major uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate which took place from 869 until 883	19
4902729985	Traditional African Religion	Tended to be monotheistic and tended to be more practical than theological with its focus on morality and ethics.	20
4902396357	Divine Force	Recognized by most people as a male who was responsible for creating and sustaining life	21
4902396358	Diviners	Intelligent men and sometimes women who understood their communities and sought to resolve problems through consulting oracles or prescribing medicines.	22
4902398199	Alexandria	Early center of Christian learning in north Africa during the first century C.E.	23
4902400058	St. Augustine of Hippo	Augustine of Hippo, also known as Saint Augustine, was an early Christian theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western	24
4902401053	Rock Churches	Christianity spread in Ethiopia but often retained African influences such as this architecture suggests.	25
4902414068	Griot	West African historian, storyteller, praise singer, poet and/or musician. The griot is a repository of oral tradition and is often seen as a societal leader	26
4902414094	Hausa	Peoples of northern Nigeria who formed states following the demise of the Songhay Empire that combined Muslim and pagan traditions.	27