AP World History Chapter 35 Flashcards

6618554885	Pacific Rim	region including Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan; typified by rapid economic growth, expanding exports, and industrialization; either Chinese or strongly influenced by Confucian values; considerable reliance on government planning and direction, limitations on dissent and instability.	0
6618557565	Taiwan	island off the Chinese mainland that became the refuge for Chiang Kai-shek's Guomindang regime; maintained independence with U.S. support; rapidly industrialized after the 1950s.	1
6618559402	Liberal Democratic Party	moderate political party that monopolized Japanese governments from 1955 into the 1990s.	2
6618561354	Republic of Korea	southern half of Korea, occupied by the United States after World War II; developed parliamentary institutions under authoritarian rulers; underwent major industrial and economic growth after the 1950s.	3
6618566975	People's Democratic Republic of Korea	northern half of Korea, dominated by U.S.S.R. after World War II; formed a communist dictatorship under Kim Il-Song; attacked South Korea to begin the Korean War.	4
6618569396	Korean War	fought from 1950 to 1953 between North Korea and its Soviet and Chinese allies and South Korea and United Nations' forces directed by the United States; ended in stalemate.	5
6618572216	Hong Kong	British colony in China; became a major commercial and industrial center; returned to China in 1997.	6
6618575870	Hyundai	major Korean industrial giant; typical of firms producing Korea's economic miracle.	7
6618578928	Chiang Ching-kuo	son and successor of Chiang Kai-shek as ruler of Taiwanese government in 1978; continued authoritarian government; attempted to reduce gap between followers of his father and indigenous islanders.	8
6618580461	Lee Kuan Yew	authoritarian ruler of Singapore for three decades from 1959; presided over major economic development.	9
6618583570	People's Republic of China	communist China; founded in 1949 by Mao Zedong.	10
6618587411	Lin Bao	one of Mao Zedong's military associates.	11
6618589470	party cadres	basis of China's communist government organization; cadre advisors were attached to military contingents at all levels.	12
6618593471	People's Liberation Army	military and dominant arm of the communist structure in China.	13
6618595940	Mass Line	economic policy of Mao Zedong inaugurated in 1955; led to formation of agricultural cooperatives that then became farming collectives in 1956; peasants lost land gained a few years earlier.	14
6618598578	Great Leap Forward	economic policy of Mao Zedong introduced in 1958; proposed small-scale industrialization projects integrated into peasant communities; led to economic disaster and ended in 1960.	15
6618602651	pragmatists	Chinese communist politicians determined to restore state direction and market incentives at the local level; opposed the Great Leap Forward.	16
6618604924	Zhou Enlai	premier of China from 1954; notable as perhaps the most cosmopolitan and moderate of the inner circle Communist leaders.	17
6618606630	Liu Shaoqui	Chinese communist pragmatist; with Deng Xiaoping, came to power in 1959 after Mao was replaced; purged in 1966 as Mao returned to power.	18
6618608654	Deng Xiaoping	one of the more pragmatic, least ideological of the major Communist leaders of China; emerged as China's most influential leader in the early 1980s.	19
6618611395	Jiang Qing	wife of Mao Zedong; one of the Gang of Four; opposed pragmatists and supported the Cultural Revolution; arrested and imprisoned for life in 1976.	20
6618614571	Cultural Revolution	initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 to restore his dominance over the pragmatists; disgraced and even killed bureaucrats and intellectuals; called off in 1968.	21
6618617627	Red Guard	student brigades active during the Cultural Revolution in support of Mao Zedong's policies.	22
6618622003	Gang of Four	Jiang Qing and her allies who opposed the pragmatists after the death of Mao Zedong; arrested and sentenced to life in prison.	23
6618630811	Tayson Rebellion	peasant revolution in southern Vietnam during the 1770s; toppled the Nguyen and the Trinh dynasties.	24
6618633327	Nguyen Anh (Gia Long)	with French support, unified Vietnam under the Nguyen dynasty in 1802, with the capital at Hue.	25
6618634701	Minh Mang	second ruler of united Vietnam (1802-1841); emphasized Confucianism and persecuted Catholics.	26
6618639129	Vietnamese Nationalist Party (VNQDD)	middle-class revolutionary organization during the 1920s; committed to the violent overthrow of French colonialism; crushed by the French.	27
6618642070	Communist Party of Vietnam	the primary nationalist party after the defeat of the VNQDD in 1929; led from 1920s by Ho Chi Minh.	28
6618645796	Ho Chi Minh (Nguyen Ai Quoc)	shifted to a revolution based on the peasantry in the 1930s; presided over the defeat of France in 1954 and the unsuccessful U.S. intervention in Vietnam.	29
6618647603	Viet Minh	Communist Vietnamese movement; fought the Japanese during Word War II and the French afterward.	30
6618650006	Vo Nguyen Giap	military commander of the Viet Minh and the victor at Dien Bien Phu in 1954.	31
6618651897	Dien Bien Phu	most significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954; gave the Viet Minh control of northern Vietnam.	32
6618654211	Ngo Dinh Diem	became president of South Vietnam with U.S. support in the 1950s; overthrown by the military with U.S. approval.	33
6618656547	Viet Cong	the communist guerrilla movement in South Vietnam during the Vietnamese war.	34