AP World History Chapter 10 Flashcards

7290336104	Homer	definition: ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written down the Iliad and the Odyssey significance: Great Greek poet who is still read today	0
7290336105	Solon	definition: Athenian reformer of the 6th century; established laws that eased the burden of debt on farmers, forbade enslavement for debt significance: great leader of Athens, prevented rebellion	1
7290336106	Perciles	definition: led rebuilding of Athens for more than 30 years from 461BCE to 429BCE significance: Leader of the Peloponessian war	2
7290336107	Philip of Macedon	definition: father of Alexander of Macedon, unified the warring Greek city-states significance: unified Greece	3
7290336108	Alexander of Macedon	definition: also known as Alexander the Great, by 331 BCE, controlled Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia; invaded Persian homeland and burned Persepolis; crossed the Indus by 327 significance: Created Bactria which influenced India, helped diffuse Greek ideas	4
7290336109	Sappho	definition: Greek poet who wrote about human emotions, lived on island of Lesbos significance: Classic example on the male dominance in Greece	5
7290336110	Socrates	definition: philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method significance: influence to Plato, and as a result, Aristotle	6
7290336111	Plato	definition: considered the greatest philosopher, student of Socrates, known for his Ideas theory significance: influence to Aristotle	7
7290336112	Artistotle	definition: prominent Greek philosopher, noted for his philosophically based thoughts of "science" significance: his ideas were used in the Catholic Church for years by Thomas Aquinas	8
7290336113	Euripides	definition: writer of several tragedies involving war and its misery significance: greek playwright	9
7290336114	Aristophanes	definition: an ancient Greek dramatist remembered for his comedies significance: greek playwright	10
7290336115	Minoan society	definition: society that inhabited Crete, created an undeciphered script, fell to invaders around 1100 BCE significance: beginnings of Greece, its fall led to poleis	11
7290336116	Knossos	definition: prominent ancient town on Crete where Bronze Age culture flourished from about 2000 BC to 1400 BCE significance: "capital" of Minoan society	12
7290336117	Linear A	definition: an undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century BCE significance: showed the intuitive ability of the early Indo-Eurpoeans	13
7290336118	Mycenaean society	definition: Greek civilization created by Indo- Europeans that lasted from 1600- 1100 BCE, during which large palaces were made, wars fought, trade established; earthquakes and invaders caused it to finally collapse significance: beginnings of Greece, its fall led to the poleis	14
7290336119	Linear B	definition: the modern name for the script, composed of signs and pictures, in which Mycenaean Greeks kept records on tablets of clay significance: shows influence of the Minoans and also demonstrates how society changed through time	15
7290336120	Trojan War	definition: war (around 1200 B.C.), in which an army lead by Mycenaean kings attacked the city of Troy in Anatolia (trojan horse!) significance: part of the epic the Illiad, led to the fall of the Myceanean Society	16
7290336121	Polis	definition: general Greek city-state, including the city and the land around it significance: brought about Sparta and Athens, two influential and powerful city-states	17
7290336122	Sparta	definition: Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts significance: encourage a powerful army that influenced Greece	18
7290336123	Athens	definition: powerful city in Ancient Greece that was a leader in arts, sciences, philosophy, democracy and architecture significance: encouraged a flexible government that influenced Greece and the world	19
7290336124	Persian War	definition: conflict between Persia and Greece; Persia wanted to punish Athens for helping another city-state significance: Led to the Delian league and the fall of Athens	20
7290336125	Delian League	definition: alliance of city-states with Athens as leader, made to keep fighting Persia significance: led to the fall of Athens	21
7290336126	Peloponnesian War	definition: a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta significance: led to the fall of Athens, and in the end, Sparta	22
7290336127	Macedon	definition: ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander of Macedon in the southeastern Balkans significance: origin of Philip of Macedon and Alexander the Great	23
7290336128	Hellenistic Age	definition: period between the death of Alexander the Great (323 BCE) and the conquest of Egypt by Rome (30 BCE), marked by migrations to the newly conquered areas	24
7290336129	Antigonid empire	definition: the area of Macedon and Greece, the smallest of the Hellenistic empires; cities such as Athens and Corinth flourished during the Hellenistic age and cities were overpopulated significance: center of Greece, most influential	25
7290336130	Ptolemaic empire	definition: The empire in the Egyptian area after the breakup of Alexander's empire significance: had the Megalopolis of Alexandria, many ports, helped trade	26
7290336131	Seleucid empire	definition: the largest kingdom that came of the division of Alexander's empire significance: helped diffuse Greek culture and ideas	27
7290336132	Olympic games	definition: one of the panhellenic rituals observed by all Greek city-states; involved athletic competitions and ritual celebrations significance: helped unify the many poleis	28
7290336133	Forms or Ideas	definition: term used by Plato to refer to traits in physical objects, ex: manly, beauty, etc. significance: part of the deviation from Socrates	29
7290336134	Cult of Dionysus	definition: cult based on Dionysus, had many rituals involving orgies and drinking, later transitioned to a more civilized cult significance: one of the cults that emerged with the Greek religion	30
7290336135	Stoicism	defitinion: philosophical system of the Stoics (person who can tolerate pain) following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno significance: philosophical ideas influence Europe	31