Personal Nutrition Chapter 1 Flashcards

5924439655	Nutrition	the study of foods, their nutrients and other chemical compounds, their actions and interactions in the body, and their influence on health and disease	0
5924439656	health fraud	conscious deceit practiced for profit, such as the promotion of a false or an unproven product or therapy	1
5924439657	quackery	a quack is a person who practices health fraud	2
5924439658	nutrients	substances obtained from food and used in the body to promote growth, maintenance and repair	3
5924439659	What are the 6 nutrients	carbohydrates fats proteins water vitamins minerals	4
5924439660	essential nutrient	a nutrient that must be obtained from food because the body cannot make it for itself	5
5924439661	energy	the capacity to do work	6
5924439662	calorie	unit used to measure energy	7
5924439663	vitamins	organic, or cabon-containing essential nutrients that are vital to life but needed in only relatively minute amounts	8
5924439664	minerals	inorganic compounds, some of which are essential nutrients	9
5924439665	metabolism	collective term for all of the chemical and physical reactions occurring in living cells, including the reactions by which the body obtains and uses energy from foods	10
5924439666	water	provides the medium for life processes	11
5924439667	malnutrition	any condition caused by an excess, deficiency, or imbalance of calories or nutrients	12
5924439668	overnutrition	calorie or nutrient over-consumption severe enough to cause disease or increased risk of disease; a form of malnutrition	13
5924439669	degenerative disease	chronic disease characterized by deterioration of body organs as a result of misuse and neglect	14
5924439670	health promotion	helping people achieve their maximum potential for good health	15
5924439671	Healthy People 2020	a national health promotion and disease prevention agenda for the next 10 years	16
5924439672	hunger	the physiological need for food	17
5924439673	appetite	the psychological desire to eat, which is often but not always accompanied by hunger	18
5924439674	undernutrition	severe under-consumption of calories or nutrients, leading to disease or increased susceptibility to disease, a form of malnutrition	19
5924439675	social group	a group of people, such as a family, who depend on one another and share a set of norms, beliefs, values, and behaviors	20
5924439676	culture	knowledge, beliefs, customs, laws, morals, art and literature acquired by members of a society and passed along to succeeding generations	21
5924439677	ethnic cuisine	the traditional foods eaten by the people of a particular culture	22
5924439678	accreditation	approval	23
5924439679	control group	a group of individuals with characteristics that match those of the group being treated in an intervention study but who receive a sham treatment or no treatment at all	24
5924439680	correlation	a simultaneous change in two factors	25
5924439681	correspondence school	a school from which courses can be taken and degrees granted by mail (or online)	26
5924439682	DTR Dietetic technician, registered	nutrition professionals who work as a part of health care and food service management teams	27
5924439683	epidemiological study	a study of a population that searches for possible correlations between nutrition factors and health patterns over time	28
5924439684	first amendment	freedom of the press	29
5924439685	intervention study	a population study examining the effects of a treatment on experimental subjects compared to a control group	30
5924439686	nutrtitionist	a person who claims to be capable of advising people about their diets. Some are registered dietitians	31
5924439687	placebo	a sham or neutral treatment given to a control group. An inert or harmless treatment that the groups members cannot recognize as different from the real thing	32
5924439688	RD registered dietitian	a professional who has graduated from a program of dietetics accredited by the CADE of the ADA, has completed an internship program or the equivalent to gain practical skills, has passed a registration exam and maintains competencies	33
5924439689	1 gram of carbohydrates = ? calories	4	34
5924439690	1 gram of proteins = ? calories	4	35
5924439691	1 gram of fats = ? calories	9	36
5924439692	1 gram of alcohol = ? calories	7	37
5924439693	name 3 energy yielding nutrients	carbs fats proteins	38
5924439694	what regulates the release of energy and other aspects of metabolism	vitamins and minerals	39
5924439695	types of vitamins (2)	water soluble and fat soluble ( 13 total)	40
5924439696	Fat soluble vitamins are	vitamin A, D, E, K	41
5924439697	water soluble vitamins are	Vitamin C B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, B12, folate, biotin, pantothenic acid)	42
5924439698	types of minerals (2)	trace minerals and major minerals	43
5924439699	major minerals	calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur	44
5924439700	trace minerals	chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, selenium	45
5924439701	how much of the body's weight is from water	about 60%	46
5924439702	leading causes of death all linked to diet (5)	heart disease stroke cancer diabetes hypertension	47
5924439703	factors affecting food choices	availability income, food prices, convenience advertising and media social and cultural factors personal values or beliefs other: tastes, needs, cravings	48
5924439704	Dietary recommendation of fat	20 to 35% total calories, but mostly from oils	49
5924439705	Dietary recommendation of saturated fat	less that 10% total calories	50
5924439706	Dietary recommendation of cholestrol	less than 300 mg	51
5924439707	Dietary recommendation of sugar	less than 10% total calories	52