Personal Nutrition CH 5 Flashcards

9613205606	how are fats useful to the body?	- main storage form of energy in the body - fat stores are efficient (vs. glycogen) - cushions vital organs -insulates the body -component of all cell membranes -transports fat-soluble substances -many serve as raw material for synthesis of hormones, bile, etc.	0
9619233992	how are fats useful in foods?	concentrated calorie source; fat-soluble nutrients; sensory qualities; satiety	1
9619289344	concentrated calorie source	lots of energy in small packages	2
9619295686	fat-soluble nutrients	vitamins (K, A, D, E); essential fatty acids	3
9619311659	sensory qualities	aromas, flavors, and tenderness	4
9619315002	satiety	slows down food movement	5
9619318173	lipids	heterogeneous group of water-insoluble (hydrophobic) organic molecules	6
9619339377	lipids in foods and the human body fall into 4 classes/categories:	fatty acids, triglycerides, sterols, and phospholipids	7
9619352642	fatty acids	a major energy source	8
9619355730	triglycerides	the most abundant lipid in our diet and storage form of fat in our bodies; a three-carbon glycerol molecule with three fatty acids attached	9
9619370429	sterols	complex lipid with 4 carbon rings and a hydrocarbon side chain; precursor of steroid hormones and bile acids	10
9619374682	phospholipids	the primary lipid in cell membranes	11
9619590230	__________ is the primary dietary sterol	cholesterol	12
9619618459	cholesterol is produced by the _______ in amounts to meet our body's needs	liver	13
9619633129	dietary sources of sterols/cholesterol	animal fats	14
9619646485	true	cells in our body can make all the cholesterol we need, so it is not required in our diet.	15
9619656008	false	too little dietary cholesterol is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke	16
9619674500	three types of fatty acids	saturated, monousaturated, and polyusaturated	17
9619686680	good fatty acid=	unsaturated; liquid at room temperature	18
9619694390	bad fatty acid=	saturated; solid at room temperature	19
9619705212	good fats	monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) & polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	20
9619722561	monounsaturated fatty acid	less hydrogen atoms and one double bond or point of unsaturation	21
9619734902	food sources of MUFA	olives, avocados, and some nuts, like peanuts and almonds	22
9619747075	polyunsaturated fatty acids	more than one point of unsaturation or more than one double bond	23
9619764033	food sources of PUFA	most vegetable oils	24
9619770769	essential fatty acids	linoleic acid (w-6) & linolenic acid (w-3)	25
9619806887	essential fatty acid deficiencies	skin abnormalites, poor wound healing, and growth and vision impairment in infants	26
9619832152	linolenic acid (w-3)=	EPA & DHA	27
9619835852	bad fats	saturated fatty acid and trans fat	28
9619843876	saturated fatty acid	fully hydrogenated	29
9619849282	food sources of saturated fatty acids	animal origin (butter, lard, beef tallow, chicken fat, etc.); tropical oils (coconut and palm oil)	30
9619864705	trans fatty acids	partially hydrogenated oils; created in an industrial process that adds hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils to make them more solid	31
9619885912	food sources of trans fatty acids	stick margarine's, donuts, cookies, biscuits, and commercially fried foods	32
9619899921	AMDR for total fat	20-35% of total daily kcal	33
9619903420	saturated fat=	<10% of total daily kcal	34
9619909125	trans fat=	NONE	35
9619911830	polyunsaturated=	5-10% of total daily kcal (17 g for young men and 12 g for young women)	36
9619924538	omega 3's	1.6g/day for men; 1.1g/day for women; 2 servings fatty fish weekly	37