AP Flashcards

6755483027	representative democracy	a form of democracy in which citizens elect officials to govern on their behalf	0
6755483028	direct democracy	a form of democracy in which all citizens can participate firsthand in the decision-making process	1
6755483029	Federalism	A system of government where the states and the national government share power	2
6755483030	dual federalism	A system of govt in which both the national and state governments are supreme in their own spheres.	3
6755483031	cooperative federalism	The theory that the states and the national government cooperate in solving problems.	4
6755483032	Fiscal Federalism	Federal government using money (grants) to influence & control states.	5
6755483033	Devolution	the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states	6
6755483034	block grants	a grant from a central government that a local authority can allocate to a wide range of services.	7
6755483035	categorical grants	Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport	8
6755483036	political socialization	The process by which we develop our political attitudes, values, and beliefs.	9
6755483037	political ideology	A more or less consistent set of beliefs about what policies government ought to pursue	10
6755483038	Political Culture	an overall set of values widely shared within a society	11
6755483039	political efficacy	The belief that one's political participation makes a difference.	12
6755483040	single member districts	Only one representative is chosen from each district	13
6755483041	Critical Elections	an election signaling a significant change in popular allegiance from one party to another	14
6755483042	realignment	A shift in party allegiances or electoral support that propels a political party to majority status.	15
6755483043	Dealignment	a movement away from the major political parties; a decline in partisan attachment	16
6755483044	Open Primary System	any political affiliation may vote.	17
6755483045	closed primary	A primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote	18
6755483046	blanket primary	A primary election in which each voter may vote for candidates from both parties	19
6755483047	Political Action Committee (PAC)	extension of ig that contributes money to campaigns	20
6755483048	Super political action commitee	independent Pac may raise unlimited contributions but can not directly give	21
6755483049	527 organizations	influence selection nomination appointment	22
6755483050	Hatch Act (1939)	prohibits govt employees from engaging in political activities while on duty	23
6755483051	Horse race journalism	news coverage that focuses on who is ahead rather than on the issues	24
6755483052	Issue Networks	in Washington igs,congressional staff think tanks media discussing public policy	25
6755483053	Iron Triangles	A close relationship between an agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group.	26
6755483054	pluralist theory	politics is best understood as competition among groups of people with shared interests	27
6755483055	elitist theory	a theory that a few top leaders make the key decisions without reference to popular desires	28
6755483056	lobbyist (n)	a person who tries to influence legislation on behalf of a special interest	29
6755483057	grassroots lobbying	indirect lobbying efforts that spring from widespread public concern	30
6755483058	expressed powers	powers directly stated in the constitution	31
6755483059	inherent powers	Powers that belong to the president because they can be inferred from the Constitution	32
6755483060	Implied powers	Powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions.	33
6755483061	Commerce Clause	Clause stating that Congress can regulate interstate and international commerce.	34
6755483062	House Ways and Means Committee	House committee that handles tax bills.	35
6755483063	trustee model	elected representatives vote based on own opinion	36
6755483064	Delegate model	The view that an elected represent should represent the opinions of his or her constituents.	37
6755483065	pocket veto	An indirect veto of a bill by the President not acting on it	38
6755483066	amicus curiae	a brief submitted by a "friend of the court"	39
6755483067	stare decisis	Let the decision stand; decisions are based on precedents from previous cases	40
6755483068	writ of certiorari	An order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up a case for review	41
6755483069	Fiscal Policy	policies of taxation and spending that comprise the nation's economic policy	42
6755483070	monetary policy	economic policy money is controlled by federal reserve	43
6755483071	selective incorporation	the gradual application of the Bill of Rights; lots of Supreme Court decisions	44
6755483072	Amendment 1	Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition	45
6755483073	Amendment 4	Search and Seizure	46
6755483074	Amendment 13	Abolished slavery	47
6755483075	Amendment 14	rights of citizenship, due process and equal protection under the law	48
6755483076	Amendment 15	Right to vote	49
6755482960	Amendment 19	Women's Suffrage	50
6755482961	Amendment 25	Presidential succession	51
6755482962	Amendment 26	Voting age lowered to 18	52