AP World History Unit 2 Flashcards

7872984921	Judaism	the monotheistic religion of the Jews	0
7872984922	Hebrew Scriptures	Old Testament/Torah	1
7872984923	Jewish Diaspora	the scattering of the Jewish people outside their homeland beginning about 586 BCE	2
7872984924	Zoroastrianism	Monotheistic Persian religion	3
7872984925	Royal Road	1600 mile Persian road used for trade and unification	4
7872984926	Persian empire	long-lasting and wealthy empire centered in present-day Iran, known for lack of slavery and kindness to conquered peoples	5
7872984927	Persepolis	ancient city that was the capital of the ancient Persian Empire	6
7872984928	Cyrus the Great	king of Persia and founder of the Persian empire (circa 600-529 BC)	7
7872984929	Satraps	governors of provinces in the Persian Empire	8
7872984930	Qanat system	Underground irrigation canal in Persia	9
7872984931	Confucianism	A system of beliefs based on the teachings of Confucius Emphasized 5 main relationships, systems of hierarchy and power, and respect for those above you	10
7872984932	Filial piety	Respect for parents (Confucianism)	11
7872984933	Daoism	A religion in China which emphasized the removal from society and to become one with nature	12
7872984934	Shi Huangdi	founder of the Qin dynasty and China's first emperor, Legalism	13
7872984935	Qin Dynasty	The first centralized dynasty of China that used Legalism as its basis of belief, very short rule	14
7872984936	Legalism	a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws and harsh punishments	15
7872984937	Great Wall of China	a fortification 1,500 miles long built across northern China in the 3rd century BC, kept out invading barbarians	16
7872984938	Terracotta Warriors	army of clay warriors buried in Shi Huangdi's tomb	17
7872984939	Ancestor Veneration	Worship and respect for ancestors, China	18
7872984940	Han Dynasty	Chinese dynasty, Confucianism	19
7872984941	Chang'an	Capital of ancient China	20
7872984942	Civil service	Service as a government official	21
7872984943	Examination system	A system of selecting officials using competitive written examinations based on Confucianism, required much education	22
7872984944	Silk road	An ancient trade route between China and Europe, luxury items	23
7872984945	Xiongnu	A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China	24
7872984946	Mayans	Powerful ancient civilization in Central America	25
7872984947	Tikal	the largest ancient Mayan city in the northern part of Guatemala	26
7872984948	City-states	Different sections of land owned by the same country but ruled by different rulers, often competitive amongst each other	27
7872984949	Teotihuacan	First planned city in the Americas in the Valley of Mexico	28
7872984950	Mound Builders	Native American groups who built earthen mounds	29
7872984951	Apostles	12 men Jesus had chosen to help him in his teaching	30
7872984952	Disciples	Followers of Jesus	31
7872984953	Greek city states	Competing, separate city states Athens and Sparta	32
7872984954	Ancient Athens	City-state in ancient Greece; associated with democracy	33
7872984955	Greco-Roman culture	an ancient culture that developed from a blending of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman cultures	34
7873327829	Pericles	Ruler of Athens who sought to spread democracy through imperial force	35
7873327830	Athenian Democracy	Every citizen of Athens had part or played a role in Athenian government	36
7873327831	Hellenistic Era	A time when Greek ideas spread to non-Greek people	37
7873327832	Alexander the Great	King of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia, united Greece	38
7873327833	Alexandria	City in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great, center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization	39
7873327834	Roman Empire	Large empire Heavy usage of slavery Fell due to barbarian invasion, disease, lack of leadership, etc	40
7873327835	Republic	A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting	41
7873327836	Ancient Rome	the world's first republic	42
7873327837	Constantinople	Capital of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern half of Roman Empire that did not collapse)	43
7873327838	Caesar Augustus	Rome's first emperor	44
7873327839	Attila the Hun	The fierce leader of a barbarian tribe that was invading Rome	45
7873327840	Twelve Tables	Rome's first code of laws	46
7873327841	Pax Romana	Roman peace and prosperity	47
7873327842	Constantine	Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians	48
7873327843	Mediterranean Sea Lanes	Trade routes that connected Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa	49
7873327844	Lateen sails	A triangular sail attached to a short mast, important for trade	50
7873327845	Dhow Ships	Arab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design	51
7873327846	Slavery	Heavy in Rome and Greece Not heavy in China or India	52
7873327847	Hinduism	Four castes, ritual/religious purity, major Indian religion	53
7873327848	Reincarnation	Hindu and Buddhist belief that souls are reborn into new bodies over and over	54
7873327849	Siddhartha Gautama	Founder of Buddhism, Buddha	55
7873327850	Mauryan Empire	The first centralized empire in India	56
7873327851	Gupta Empire	Golden Age of India; ruled through central government but allowed village power; restored Hinduism	57
7873327852	Ashoka	a ruler of the Mauryan Empire who converted to Buddhism	58
7873327853	Ashoka's Pillars	Law codes throughout India based off Buddhism	59
7873327854	Patriarchy	A form of social organization in which males dominate females	60
7873327855	caste systems	Four main castes, thousands of jati within, denounced by Buddhism and promoted by Hinduism	61